This study examined accuracy on syllable-final (coda) consonants in newly-learned English-like nonwords to determine whether school-aged bilingual children may be more vulnerable to making errors on English-only codas than their monolingual, English-speaking peers, even at a stage in development when phonological accuracy in productions of…

To establish normative standards against which to contrast the speaking performance of aphasia patients, a sample of 54 adults representing a broad range of age and education were administered the picture cards of the Thematic Apperception Test to stimulate speech. The stories thus elicited were tape recorded. Each word spoken was grammatically…

Purpose: The variable deletion of word-final consonants is a well-known feature of African American English (AAE). This study aimed to show whether African American children exhibit an alveolar bias in their deletion of final voiceless stops as has been observed for their production of final nasals. Method: The data were extracted from more than…

In order to investigate the effect of kindergarten upon articulation of first grade children, 15,255 first grade children were tested for articulation problems. One-half were tested in 1960 because Seattle had had no kindergarten program in 1959. The other half were tested in 1961 because Seattle reinstituted a kindergarten program in 1960.…

As part of the development of a battery of tests to determine proficiency in black standard and nonstandard speech, the authors developed a two-part test consisting of 20 items designed to evoke a response by means of verbal and pictorial cues. Each cue was supposed to elicit a specific grammatical construction characteristic of either black…

This study is concerned with misarticulated speech sounds of children and the phonetic realization of these sounds. The articulation errors of 384 standard-English-speaking school children were analyzed in speech samples obtained by the National Speech and Hearing Survey and were samples of both free speech and of performance on the…

Discussions in speech and language pathology often contain references to language differences and the ways these differences compare with speech and language disorders. There is ongoing research on the regional varieties of English, and within the past decade, information on social and ethnic variation in language has been accumulating. Based on…