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Miller, Paul; Kargin, Tevhide; Guldenoglu, Birkan – Journal of Research in Reading, 2014
The present study investigates differences in the word-reading process between individuals reading in a deep (unpointed Hebrew) and a shallow orthography (Turkish). The participants were 120 students evenly and randomly recruited from three levels of education (primary = 3rd-4th graders; middle = 6th-7th graders; high = 9th-10th graders). The…
Descriptors: Turkish, Semitic Languages, Reading Processes, Elementary School Students
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Horton-Ikard, RaMonda; Pittman, Ramona T. – Topics in Language Disorders, 2010
This article describes the use of African American English (AAE) in the written and oral language of African American adolescents who struggle with writing. Written and oral language samples of 22 African American 10th-grade students were transcribed, analyzed, and coded for AAE, grammatical errors, spelling errors, and punctuation errors. Four…
Descriptors: Spelling, Black Dialects, Form Classes (Languages), Written Language