Studies the effect of background factors on beliefs about the consequences of the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). What types of people fear or welcome the ERA, what their reasons are, and where they obtain information about its possible consequences are examined. (AM)

Using data on 682 couples from a national probability sample, demonstrated that a wife's perception of her husband's attitude toward her employment is moderately inconsistent with the husband's actual attitude. Found several couple characteristics significantly affect the level of inconsistency, indicating degree of couple communication. (Author)

Found that parental hitting, reported by 17 percent of the sample, failed to affect attitudes about women's roles. Behavior did affect attitudes concerning the use of violence against women. Suggests men are more likely to approve of violence against women if they observed their fathers hitting their mothers. (Author)

Examines the extent to which spouse's level of education hinders or helps the careers of Ph.D. recipients. Findings indicate that having a Ph.D. spouse negatively affected wives' labor-force participation and husbands' offices held and articles published. Marriage to a highly educated spouse has at least some negative career effects. (Author)

A study was conducted to test the following hypotheses concerning division of household labor (DOHL) between husbands and wives: (1) the division of household labor is somewhat affected by the availability of time, especially the wife's time; (2) there are strong effects of relative power, as measured by market-related resources, marital…

Results of a study to determine the effect of observing parental violence on attitudes about women's roles and the use of violence against women are reported. A national random sample of 1,092 women and 910 men were interviewed by telephone. Participants responded to questions such as: Did your father ever hit your mother? Did your mother ever hit…