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Cizek, Gregory J.; Fitzgerald, Shawn M. – 1996
A group-process approach to standard setting was compared to an independent approach for a medical specialty certification examination. Both approaches used the Angoff (1971) standard-setting method. In the group-process method, reviewers discussed items and their ratings during the rating process; in the independent condition, reviewers provided…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Cost Effectiveness, Group Dynamics, Judges
Webb, Melvin W., II; Miller, Eva R. – 1995
As constructed-response items become an integral part of educational assessments, setting student performance standards on constructed-response items has become an important issue. Two standard-setting methods, one used for setting standards on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) in reading in grade 8 and the other used to set…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Constructed Response, Criteria, Educational Assessment