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Analysis of Discourse Features and Verification of Scoring Levels for Independent and Integrated Prototype Written Tasks for the New TOEFL®. TOEFL® Monograph Series. MS-30. ETS RM-05-13
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Cumming, Alister; Kantor, Robert; Baba, Kyoko; Eouanzoui, Keanre; Erdosy, Usman; James, Mark – ETS Research Report Series, 2006
We assessed whether and how the discourse written for prototype integrated tasks (involving writing in response to print or audio source texts) field tested for the new TOEFL® differs from the discourse written for independent essays (i.e., the TOEFL essay). We selected 216 compositions written for 6 tasks by 36 examinees in a field…
Descriptors: Discourse Analysis, Essays, Scores, Language Proficiency