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Tan, Teck Kiang – Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 2023
Researchers often have hypotheses concerning the state of affairs in the population from which they sampled their data to compare group means. The classical frequentist approach provides one way of carrying out hypothesis testing using ANOVA to state the null hypothesis that there is no difference in the means and proceed with multiple comparisons…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Hypothesis Testing, Statistical Analysis, Guidelines
Bloome, Deirdre; Schrage, Daniel – Sociological Methods & Research, 2021
Causal analyses typically focus on average treatment effects. Yet for substantive research on topics like inequality, interest extends to treatments' distributional consequences. When individuals differ in their responses to treatment, three types of inequality may result. Treatment may shape inequalities between subgroups defined by pretreatment…
Descriptors: Regression (Statistics), Outcomes of Treatment, Statistical Analysis, Correlation
Huang, Hening – Research Synthesis Methods, 2023
Many statistical methods (estimators) are available for estimating the consensus value (or average effect) and heterogeneity variance in interlaboratory studies or meta-analyses. These estimators are all valid because they are developed from or supported by certain statistical principles. However, no estimator can be perfect and must have error or…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Computation, Measurement Techniques, Meta Analysis
Man, Kaiwen; Harring, Jeffrey R. – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2021
Many approaches have been proposed to jointly analyze item responses and response times to understand behavioral differences between normally and aberrantly behaved test-takers. Biometric information, such as data from eye trackers, can be used to better identify these deviant testing behaviors in addition to more conventional data types. Given…
Descriptors: Cheating, Item Response Theory, Reaction Time, Eye Movements
Donegan, Sarah; Dias, Sofia; Welton, Nicky J. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2019
When numerous treatments exist for a disease (Treatments 1, 2, 3, etc), network meta-regression (NMR) examines whether each relative treatment effect (eg, mean difference for 2 vs 1, 3 vs 1, and 3 vs 2) differs according to a covariate (eg, disease severity). Two consistency assumptions underlie NMR: consistency of the treatment effects at the…
Descriptors: Reliability, Regression (Statistics), Outcomes of Treatment, Statistical Analysis
Xu Qin; Lijuan Wang – Grantee Submission, 2023
Research questions regarding how, for whom, and where a treatment achieves its effect on an outcome have become increasingly valued in substantive research. Such questions can be answered by causal moderated mediation analysis, which assesses the heterogeneity of the mediation mechanism underlying the treatment effect across individual and…
Descriptors: Causal Models, Mediation Theory, Computer Software, Statistical Analysis
Piech, Chris; Bumbacher, Engin; Davis, Richard – International Educational Data Mining Society, 2020
One crucial function of a classroom, and a school more generally, is to prepare students for future learning. Students should have the capacity to learn new information and to acquire new skills. This ability to "learn" is a core competency in our rapidly changing world. But how do we measure ability to learn? And how can we measure how…
Descriptors: Academic Ability, Measurement, Middle School Students, Achievement Gains
Muthén, Bengt; Asparouhov, Tihomir – Sociological Methods & Research, 2018
This article reviews and compares recently proposed factor analytic and item response theory approaches to the study of invariance across groups. Two methods are described and contrasted. The alignment method considers the groups as a fixed mode of variation, while the random-intercept, random-loading two-level method considers the groups as a…
Descriptors: Measurement, Factor Analysis, Item Response Theory, Statistical Analysis
Doroudi, Shayan; Brunskill, Emma – Grantee Submission, 2017
In this paper, we investigate two purported problems with Bayesian Knowledge Tracing (BKT), a popular statistical model of student learning: "identifiability" and "semantic model degeneracy." In 2007, Beck and Chang stated that BKT is susceptible to an "identifiability problem"--various models with different…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Research Problems, Statistical Analysis, Models
Henman, Paul; Brown, Scott D.; Dennis, Simon – Australian Universities' Review, 2017
In 2015, the Australian Government's Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA) assessment of research quality declined to rate 1.5 per cent of submissions from universities. The public debate focused on practices of gaming or "coding errors" within university submissions as the reason for this outcome. The issue was about the…
Descriptors: Rating Scales, Foreign Countries, Universities, Achievement Rating
Pan, Yilin – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2016
Given the importance of education and the growing public demand for improving education quality under tight budget constraints, there has been an emerging movement to call for research-informed decisions in educational resource allocation. Despite the abundance of rigorous studies on the effectiveness, cost, and implementation of educational…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Decision Making, Educational Research, Research Methodology
Pan, Yilin – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2016
Given the necessity to bridge the gap between what happened and what is likely to happen, this paper aims to explore how to apply Bayesian inference to cost-effectiveness analysis so as to capture the uncertainty of a ratio-type efficiency measure. The first part of the paper summarizes the characteristics of the evaluation data that are commonly…
Descriptors: Resource Allocation, Cost Effectiveness, Bayesian Statistics, Statistical Analysis
Roos, J. Micah – Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives, 2014
The Vanishing Tetrad Test (VTT) (Bollen, Lennox, & Dahly, 2009; Bollen & Ting, 2000; Hipp, Bauer, & Bollen, 2005) is an extension of the Confirmatory Tetrad Analysis (CTA) proposed by Bollen and Ting (Bollen & Ting, 1993). VTT is a powerful tool for detecting model misspecification and can be particularly useful in cases in which…
Descriptors: Measurement, Models, Statistical Analysis, Goodness of Fit
Patarapichayatham, Chalie; Kamata, Akihito; Kanjanawasee, Sirichai – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2012
Model specification issues on the cross-level two-way differential item functioning model were previously investigated by Patarapichayatham et al. (2009). Their study clarified that an incorrect model specification can easily lead to biased estimates of key parameters. The objective of this article is to provide further insights on the issue by…
Descriptors: Test Bias, Models, Bayesian Statistics, Statistical Analysis
Pittayachawan, Siddhi; Macauley, Peter; Evans, Terry – Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 2016
This article reports how statistical analyses of PhD thesis records can reveal future research capacities for disciplines beyond their primary fields. The previous research showed that most theses contributed to and/or used methodologies from more than one discipline. In Australia, there was a concern for declining mathematical teaching and…
Descriptors: Databases, Doctoral Dissertations, Foreign Countries, Statistical Analysis