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Roy Levy; Daniel McNeish – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2025
Research in education and behavioral sciences often involves the use of latent variable models that are related to indicators, as well as related to covariates or outcomes. Such models are subject to interpretational confounding, which occurs when fitting the model with covariates or outcomes alters the results for the measurement model. This has…
Descriptors: Models, Statistical Analysis, Measurement, Data Interpretation
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Daniel Seddig – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2024
The latent growth model (LGM) is a popular tool in the social and behavioral sciences to study development processes of continuous and discrete outcome variables. A special case are frequency measurements of behaviors or events, such as doctor visits per month or crimes committed per year. Probability distributions for such outcomes include the…
Descriptors: Growth Models, Statistical Analysis, Structural Equation Models, Crime
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Emma Somer; Carl Falk; Milica Miocevic – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2024
Factor Score Regression (FSR) is increasingly employed as an alternative to structural equation modeling (SEM) in small samples. Despite its popularity in psychology, the performance of FSR in multigroup models with small samples remains relatively unknown. The goal of this study was to examine the performance of FSR, namely Croon's correction and…
Descriptors: Scores, Structural Equation Models, Comparative Analysis, Sample Size
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Yangqiuting Li; Chandralekha Singh – Physical Review Physics Education Research, 2024
Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a statistical method widely used in educational research to investigate relationships between variables. SEM models are typically constructed based on theoretical foundations and assessed through fit indices. However, a well-fitting SEM model alone is not sufficient to verify the causal inferences underlying…
Descriptors: Structural Equation Models, Statistical Analysis, Educational Research, Causal Models
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Ke-Hai Yuan; Zhiyong Zhang – Grantee Submission, 2025
Most methods for structural equation modeling (SEM) focused on the analysis of covariance matrices. However, "Historically, interesting psychological theories have been phrased in terms of correlation coefficients." This might be because data in social and behavioral sciences typically do not have predefined metrics. While proper methods…
Descriptors: Correlation, Statistical Analysis, Models, Tests
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Il Do Ha – Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives, 2024
Recently, deep learning has become a pervasive tool in prediction problems for structured and/or unstructured big data in various areas including science and engineering. In particular, deep neural network models (i.e. a basic core model of deep learning) can be viewed as an extension of statistical models by going through the incorporation of…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Statistical Analysis, Models, Algorithms
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A. R. Georgeson – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2025
There is increasing interest in using factor scores in structural equation models and there have been numerous methodological papers on the topic. Nevertheless, sum scores, which are computed from adding up item responses, continue to be ubiquitous in practice. It is therefore important to compare simulation results involving factor scores to…
Descriptors: Structural Equation Models, Scores, Factor Analysis, Statistical Bias
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Anna-Carolina Haensch; Jonathan Bartlett; Bernd Weiß – Sociological Methods & Research, 2024
Discrete-time survival analysis (DTSA) models are a popular way of modeling events in the social sciences. However, the analysis of discrete-time survival data is challenged by missing data in one or more covariates. Negative consequences of missing covariate data include efficiency losses and possible bias. A popular approach to circumventing…
Descriptors: Research Methodology, Research Problems, Social Science Research, Statistical Analysis
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Sözer Boz, Esra; Kahraman, Nilüfer – International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 2023
This study proposed a three-stage measurement model utilizing the Latent Growth Curve Modeling and Latent Class Growth Analysis. The measurement model was illustrated using repeated data collected through a four-week prospective study tracking the subjective well-being of volunteer college students (n=154). Firstly, several unconditional growth…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Models, Well Being, College Students
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Njål Foldnes; Jonas Moss; Steffen Grønneberg – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2025
We propose new ways of robustifying goodness-of-fit tests for structural equation modeling under non-normality. These test statistics have limit distributions characterized by eigenvalues whose estimates are highly unstable and biased in known directions. To take this into account, we design model-based trend predictions to approximate the…
Descriptors: Goodness of Fit, Structural Equation Models, Robustness (Statistics), Prediction
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Qian Zhang; Qi Wang – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2024
In the article, we focused on the issues of measurement error and omitted confounders while conducting mediation analysis under experimental studies. Depending on informativeness of the confounders between the mediator (M) and outcome (Y), we described two approaches. When researchers are confident that primary confounders are included (e.g.,…
Descriptors: Error of Measurement, Research and Development, Mediation Theory, Causal Models
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Judith Glaesser – International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2024
Causal asymmetry is a situation where the causal factors under study are more suitable for explaining the outcome than its absence (or vice versa); they do not explain both equally well. In such a situation, presence of a cause leads to presence of the effect, but absence of the cause may not lead to absence of the effect. A conceptual discussion…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Causal Models, Correlation, Foreign Countries
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Su, Kun; Henson, Robert A. – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2023
This article provides a process to carefully evaluate the suitability of a content domain for which diagnostic classification models (DCMs) could be applicable and then optimized steps for constructing a test blueprint for applying DCMs and a real-life example illustrating this process. The content domains were carefully evaluated using a set of…
Descriptors: Classification, Models, Science Tests, Physics
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Peter Z. Schochet – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2025
Random encouragement designs evaluate treatments that aim to increase participation in a program or activity. These randomized controlled trials (RCTs) can also assess the mediated effects of participation itself on longer term outcomes using a complier average causal effect (CACE) estimation framework. This article considers power analysis…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Computation, Causal Models, Research Design
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Javed Iqbal; Tanweer Ul Islam – Educational Research and Evaluation, 2024
Economic efficiency demands accurate assessment of individual ability for selection purposes. This study investigates Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT) for estimating true ability and ranking individuals. Two Monte Carlo simulations and real data analyses were conducted. Results suggest a slight advantage for IRT, but…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Monte Carlo Methods, Ability, Statistical Analysis
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