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Starns, Jeffrey J.; Ma, Qiuli – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
The two-high-threshold (2HT) model of recognition memory assumes that people make memory errors because they fail to retrieve information from memory and make a guess, whereas the continuous unequal-variance (UV) model and the low-threshold (LT) model assume that people make memory errors because they retrieve misleading information from memory.…
Descriptors: Guessing (Tests), Recognition (Psychology), Memory, Tests
Lin, Olivia Y.-H.; MacLeod, Colin M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Three experiments investigated the learning of simple associations in a color-word contingency task. Participants responded manually to the print colors of 3 words, with each word associated strongly to 1 of the 3 colors and weakly to the other 2 colors. Despite the words being irrelevant, response times to high-contingency stimuli and to…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Learning Processes, Contingency Management, Color
Carpenter, Alexis C.; Schacter, Daniel L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Episodic memory involves flexible retrieval processes that allow us to link together distinct episodes, make novel inferences across overlapping events, and recombine elements of past experiences when imagining future events. However, the same flexible retrieval and recombination processes that underpin these adaptive functions may also leave…
Descriptors: Memory, Recall (Psychology), Inferences, Accuracy
Denby, Thomas; Schecter, Jeffrey; Arn, Sean; Dimov, Svetlin; Goldrick, Matthew – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Phonotactics--constraints on the position and combination of speech sounds within syllables--are subject to statistical differences that gradiently affect speaker and listener behavior (e.g., Vitevitch & Luce, 1999). What statistical properties drive the acquisition of such constraints? Because they are naturally highly correlated, previous…
Descriptors: Phonology, Probability, Learning Processes, Syllables
Kelley, Matthew R.; Neath, Ian; Surprenant, Aimée M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Serial position functions with marked primacy and recency effects are ubiquitous in episodic memory tasks. The demonstrations reported here explored whether bow-shaped serial position functions would be observed when people ordered exemplars from various categories along a specified dimension. The categories and dimensions were: actors and age;…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Serial Ordering, Memory, Semantics
Reimer, Jason F.; Radvansky, Gabriel A.; Lorsbach, Thomas C.; Armendarez, Joseph J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Recently, a great deal of research has demonstrated that although everyday experience is continuous in nature, it is parsed into separate events. The aim of the present study was to examine whether event structure can influence the effectiveness of cognitive control. Across 5 experiments we varied the structure of events within the AX-CPT by…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Attention Control, Experience, Experiments
Swire, Briony; Ecker, Ullrich K. H.; Lewandowsky, Stephan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
People frequently continue to use inaccurate information in their reasoning even after a credible retraction has been presented. This phenomenon is often referred to as the continued influence effect of misinformation. The repetition of the original misconception within a retraction could contribute to this phenomenon, as it could inadvertently…
Descriptors: Information Utilization, Familiarity, Error Correction, Misconceptions
Mou, Weimin; Wang, Lin – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Three experiments investigated whether navigation is less efficient across boundaries than within boundaries. In an immersive virtual environment, participants learned objects' locations in a large room or a small room. Participants then pointed to the objects' original locations after physically walking a circuitous path without vision.…
Descriptors: Navigation, Spatial Ability, Memory, Virtual Classrooms
Hayek, Maisam; Dorfberger, Shoshi; Karni, Avi – Developmental Science, 2016
Children with developmental dyslexia (DD) may differ from typical readers in aspects other than reading. The notion of a general deficit in the ability to acquire and retain procedural ("how to") knowledge as long-term procedural memory has been proposed. Here, we compared the ability of elementary school children, with and without…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Dyslexia, Braille, Elementary School Students
Fiorella, Logan; van Gog, Tamara; Hoogerheide, Vincent; Mayer, Richard E. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2017
The present study tests whether presenting video modeling examples from the learner's (first-person) perspective promotes learning of an assembly task, compared to presenting video examples from a third-person perspective. Across 2 experiments conducted in different labs, university students viewed a video showing how to assemble an 8-component…
Descriptors: Perspective Taking, Video Technology, Instructional Materials, Modeling (Psychology)
Gul, Amara; Humphreys, Glyn W. – Psicologica: International Journal of Methodology and Experimental Psychology, 2015
Congruency effects were examined using a manual response version of the Stroop task in which the relationship between the colour word and its hue on incongruent trials was either kept constant or varied randomly across different pairings within the stimulus set. Congruency effects were increased in the condition where the incongruent hue-word…
Descriptors: Experiments, Psychological Testing, Perceptual Development, Perception Tests
Bird, Kevin D. – Psychological Methods, 2011
Any set of confidence interval inferences on J - 1 linearly independent contrasts on J means, such as the two comparisons [mu][subscript 1] - [mu][subscript 2] and [mu][subscript 2] - [mu][subscript 3] on 3 means, provides a basis for the deduction of interval inferences on all other contrasts, such as the redundant comparison [mu][subscript 1] -…
Descriptors: Intervals, Statistical Analysis, Inferences, Comparative Analysis
Mou, Weimin; Zhou, Ruojing – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
Four experiments examined the roles of extended surfaces and the number of points in the boundary superiority effect in goal localization. Participants learned the locations of 4 objects in the presence of a boundary, landmarks, or both in an immersive virtual environment by reproducing the locations with feedback. Participants then localized the…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Feedback (Response), Geographic Location, Memory
Wu, Will F. W.; Magill, Richard A. – Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2011
For this study, we investigated the effects of self-controlled practice on learning multiple motor skills. Thirty participants were randomly assigned to self-control or yoked conditions. Participants learned a three-keystroke pattern with three different relative time structures. Those in the self-control group chose one of three relative time…
Descriptors: Learning Strategies, Error Patterns, Learner Controlled Instruction, Self Management
Battista, Michael; Smith, Margaret S.; Boerst, Timothy; Sutton, John; Confrey, Jere; White, Dorothy; Knuth, Eric; Quander, Judith – Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 2009
Recent federal education policies and reports have generated considerable debate about the meaning, methods, and goals of "scientific research" in mathematics education. Concentrating on the critical problem of determining which educational programs and practices reliably improve students' mathematics achievement, these policies and reports focus…
Descriptors: Scientific Research, Mathematics Education, Research Methodology, Mathematics Achievement
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