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Measurement and Uncertainty Preserving Parametric Modeling for Continuous Latent Variables with Discrete Indicators and External Variables
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Roy Levy; Daniel McNeish – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2025
Research in education and behavioral sciences often involves the use of latent variable models that are related to indicators, as well as related to covariates or outcomes. Such models are subject to interpretational confounding, which occurs when fitting the model with covariates or outcomes alters the results for the measurement model. This has…
Descriptors: Models, Statistical Analysis, Measurement, Data Interpretation
The Feasibility of Using Causal Indicators in Educational Measurement
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Wang, Jue; Engelhard, George, Jr. – Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives, 2016
The authors of the focus article describe an important issue related to the use and interpretation of causal indicators within the context of structural equation modeling (SEM). In the focus article, the authors illustrate with simulated data the effects of omitting a causal indicator. Since SEMs are used extensively in the social and behavioral…
Descriptors: Structural Equation Models, Measurement, Causal Models, Construct Validity
Interpretational Confounding or Confounded Interpretations of Causal Indicators?
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Bainter, Sierra A.; Bollen, Kenneth A. – Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives, 2014
In measurement theory, causal indicators are controversial and little understood. Methodological disagreement concerning causal indicators has centered on the question of whether causal indicators are inherently sensitive to interpretational confounding, which occurs when the empirical meaning of a latent construct departs from the meaning…
Descriptors: Measurement, Statistical Analysis, Data Interpretation, Causal Models
What Is the Latent Variable in Causal Indicator Models?
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Howell, Roy D. – Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives, 2014
Building on the work of Bollen (2007) and Bollen & Bauldry (2011), Bainter and Bollen (this issue) clarifies several points of confusion in the literature regarding causal indicator models. This author would certainly agree that the effect indicator (reflective) measurement model is inappropriate for some indicators (such as the social…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Measurement, Causal Models, Data Interpretation
Data Interpretation: Using Probability
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Drummond, Gordon B.; Vowler, Sarah L. – Advances in Physiology Education, 2011
Experimental data are analysed statistically to allow researchers to draw conclusions from a limited set of measurements. The hard fact is that researchers can never be certain that measurements from a sample will exactly reflect the properties of the entire group of possible candidates available to be studied (although using a sample is often the…
Descriptors: Educational Research, Statistical Inference, Data Interpretation, Probability
Statistics and Data Interpretation for Social Work
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Rosenthal, James A. – Springer, 2011
Written by a social worker for social work students, this is a nuts and bolts guide to statistics that presents complex calculations and concepts in clear, easy-to-understand language. It includes numerous examples, data sets, and issues that students will encounter in social work practice. The first section introduces basic concepts and terms to…
Descriptors: Statistics, Data Interpretation, Social Work, Social Science Research