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Dodge, Kenneth A.; Bai, Yu; Ladd, Helen F.; Muschkin, Clara G. – Child Development, 2017
North Carolina's Smart Start and More at Four (MAF) early childhood programs were evaluated through the end of elementary school (age 11) by estimating the impact of state funding allocations to programs in each of 100 counties across 13 consecutive years on outcomes for all children in each county-year group (n = 1,004,571; 49% female; 61%…
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, Educational Policy, Outcomes of Education, Elementary School Students
Smith, James Brian – 1993
A study used four statistical item bias analysis strategies to determine the French cross-cultural validity of the Maine Educational Assessment, a standardized test administered in six content areas to students in grades 4, 8, and 11. Analysis was performed on eighth grade pupil performance in test year 1988-89, in the areas of the 100 common…
Descriptors: Bilingual Students, Comparative Analysis, Elementary Secondary Education, English