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Direct linkRoy Levy; Daniel McNeish – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2025
Research in education and behavioral sciences often involves the use of latent variable models that are related to indicators, as well as related to covariates or outcomes. Such models are subject to interpretational confounding, which occurs when fitting the model with covariates or outcomes alters the results for the measurement model. This has…
Descriptors: Models, Statistical Analysis, Measurement, Data Interpretation
Wang, Jue; Engelhard, George, Jr. – Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives, 2016
The authors of the focus article describe an important issue related to the use and interpretation of causal indicators within the context of structural equation modeling (SEM). In the focus article, the authors illustrate with simulated data the effects of omitting a causal indicator. Since SEMs are used extensively in the social and behavioral…
Descriptors: Structural Equation Models, Measurement, Causal Models, Construct Validity
