This paper investigates how monitoring the time spent on a question in a test of basic mathematics skills can provide insights into learning processes, the quality of test takers' knowledge, and cognitive demands and performance of test items that otherwise would remain undiscovered if the usual test outcome of accuracy only format…

Textbooks that have been and are being used by students in education and psychology to learn about statistical testing are reviewed. Twenty-eight textbooks published prior to 1950 were reviewed. These textbooks were found to focus on descriptive methods, to concentrate on educational testing, and to present limited formal statistical formulation.…

This paper focuses on the questions which arise as test practitioners monitor score scales derived from latent trait theory. Large scale assessment programs are dynamic and constantly challenge the assumptions and limits of latent trait models. Even though testing programs evolve, test scores must remain reliable indicators of progress.…

The military utilizes tests extensively and should be aware of current testing problems. A conference composed of members from the business, educational, and military communities, both foreign and domestic, was held and these major issues addressed: (1) The Development of Training Requirements; (2) Personnel Assignment Using Interest Inventories;…

The main purpose of the study was to investigate the distinctness and reliability of analytic (or multitrait) rating dimensions and their relationships to holistic scores and "e-rater"® essay feature variables in the context of the TOEFL® computer-based test (CBT) writing assessment. Data analyzed in the study were analytic and holistic…

This study considered the effects of trait emotional intelligence (trait EI; Petrides & Mavroveli, 2007) and sociobiographical variables (age, gender, education level, number of languages known, age of onset of acquisition, context of acquisition, frequency of use, socialization, network of interlocutors, self-perceived proficiency) on…

This collection of essays on measurement theory and language testing includes: "Computerized Adaptive Testing: Implications for Language Test Developers" (Peter Tung); "The Promise and Threat of Computerized Adaptive Assessment of Reading Comprehension" (Michael Canale); "Computerized Rasch Analysis of Item Bias in ESL…

PERSONALITY TRAITS OF TEACHERS AND PRINCIPALS ARE EXAMINED FOR THEIR EFFECTS UPON TEACHER-ADMINISTRATOR RELATIONSHIPS. THE EDWARDS PERSONAL PREFERENCE SCHEDULE, THE NATIONAL PRINCIPALSHIP STUDY, AND THE ADMINISTRATIVE PREFERENCE FORM WERE ADMINISTERED TO TEACHERS AND PRINCIPALS FROM AN URBAN SCHOOL DISTRICT IN MICHIGAN. RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE…

This article describes the results of a three-year investigation into cheating by school personnel. The goals of this research were to measure the prevalence of cheating by teachers and administrators and to analyze the factors that predict cheating. Using data on test scores and student records from the Chicago Public Schools, the authors…

Sequential probability ratio testing (PRT), which usually is applied in situations requiring a decision between two simple hypotheses or a single decision point, is extended to include situations involving k decision points and [(k + 1)-choose-2] sets of simultaneous, simple hypotheses, where k>1. The multiple-decision point or…

Multiple-hypothesis testing in the context of a correlation matrix is used to compare the statistical power of the original Bonferroni with six modified Bonferroni procedures that control the overall Type I error rate. Three definitions of statistical power are considered: (1) the ability to detect at least one true relationship; (2) the ability…

Presents rationale for eliminating use of normal distributions when interpreting measures of intellectual ability. (DW)

This paper assesses the relative merits of numerical and textual approaches to the study of international events. While enjoying a much longer history, numerical approaches have certain representational drawbacks that do not apply to textual approaches. Textual models provide a more adequate descriptive foundation for the study of international…

This paper is concerned with estimation and hypothesis testing of treatment effects in nonequivalent control group designs with the assumption that in the absence of treatment effects, natural growth conforms to a particular class of continuous growth models. Point estimation, interval estimation, and hypothesis testing procedures were developed…

The mathematical extension from scalars to matrices as a prerequisite for univariate to multivariate generalizations of statistical concepts and methods is discussed. One reason for several alternative techniques is the multitude of ways to generalize from univariate concepts to multivariate concepts. The additional complexity, and lack of…