Levin's (1975) sample-size determination procedure for completely randomized analysis of variance designs is extended to designs in which antecedent or blocking variables information is considered. In particular, a researcher's choice of designs is framed in terms of determining the respective sample sizes necessary to detect specified contrasts…

In some correlational studies it is not reasonable to assume that bivariate observations are uncorrelated. An example would be a configural analysis in which two individuals are correlated across several variables (e.g., Q-technique). The present study was a Monte Carlo investigation of the robustness of techniques used in judging the magnitude of…

A simple, rigorous, small-sample statistical technique is described for testing the hypothesis that two sets of measurements differ only because of errors of measurement and because of differing origins and units of measurement. (Author)

Procedures are described for teaching statistical inference and decision-making without lengthy pre-requisite work in descriptive statistics and probability theory. (JLH)

In 1983 the Office of Affirmative Action and Compliance at the University of Wisconsin-Madison surveyed 300 randomly chosen employees to determine the number of disabled persons in its work force. The results are discussed and the survey is appended. (MLW)

Federal agencies conduct large, national studies that provide abundant data easily accessible to researchers. While these datasets provide access to rich data for analyzing a multitude of topics, certain skills are necessary for appropriate use. Specifically, over sampling and multistage cluster sampling must be accommodated in the analyses to…

This paper provides a guide to the minimum size of treatment groups, inferred from the relationships between pupil norms and norms for class averages of standardized achievement tests. (Editor)

An alternative method for analyzing and evaluating prototype and revised instructional material is compared to traditional methods. The procedure and three approaches of sequential analysis are presented and advantages are discussed. References are included. (BK)

Uses imaginary tools to create distributions of sample means, the differences among them, the mean difference scores, and the raw score populations. Using this technique helps students grasp the distinctions between them. Generalizes to hypothesis testing aids in answering probability questions, and enhances teaching techniques. (Author/NL)

Equating a new standard test to an old reference test is considered when samples for equating are not randomly selected from the target population of test takers, identifying two problems from equating from biased samples. An empirical example with data from the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery illustrates the approach. (SLD)

This commentary on EC 603 695 argues that significance testing is a necessary but insufficient condition for positivistic research, that judgment-based assessment and single-subject research are not substitutes for significance testing, and that sampling fluctuation should be considered as one of numerous epistemological concerns in any…

When a simple random sample of size n is employed to establish a classification rule for prediction of a polytomous variable by an independent variable, the best achievable rate of misclassification is higher than the corresponding best achievable rate if the conditional probability distribution is known for the predicted variable given the…

This study investigated school administrators' perceptions of school improvement policies in a high-impact policy environment by measuring the impact of accountability, site-based management, professional development, and scheduling reform on the three dependent variables of a) academic outcomes, b) staff morale, and c) parent and community…