This study applied meta-analysis techniques to the gender studies cited by Maccoby and Jacklin and assessed the magnitude of cognitive gender differences. Results indicated that gender differences in verbal, quantitative, and visual-spatial ability were very small. (Author/APM)

Determines the frequency distribution of Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential variables (BAEP) for premature babies at different stages of development--normal newborns, infants, young children, and adults. The author concludes that the assumption of normality underlying most "standard" statistical analyses can be met for many BAEP…

Using interview data collected from 595 subjects in five Utah counties, this study identified through factor analysis two dimensions of community satisfaction (economic and interpersonal). Results showed rural people tended to have highest levels of interpersonal satisfaction while urban people were more economically satisfied. (DS)

Examines family formation and its effects on the career lives of both women and men academics from the time they receive their doctorates until 20 years later. Finds that there is a consistent and large gap in achieving tenure between women who have early babies and men who have early babies. Discusses policy implications. (EV)

Analyzes the distribution of 1985 federal expenditures among U.S. counties by expenditure function and object and by county type (metro/nonmetro and nonmetro economic base). Concludes that federal spending in nonmetro areas focuses on income redistribution and does not promote economic development. (SV)

Presents rates of return to educational investment in former Yugoslavia by region, by education level, by gender, and for society and the individual. The private rates of return are higher than the social rates. Rates of return decrease with the stock of educational capital and with economic development. Socialism's effects on rates of return are…

Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) profiles of 91 adult female Caucasians were examined to see if significant differences existed between those who reported abuse in childhood or adolescence and those who did not. Significant differences were obtained on several PAI scales and subscales. (SLD)

A study investigated gender differences in standardized college entrance test scores in eight subject areas. Females outscored males in five areas; in two, results were mixed; and in one (mathematics), males outscored females. While females' scores were higher overall, males were better represented at the highest score levels. Implications for…

Examines the feminization of the sociological profession through a content analysis of leading sociology journals. Findings show that, although females are publishing more, they do so as junior co-authors with males, whereas males publish alone or with male authors. Females were underrepresented in six sample years studied by year and by journal.…

Quantitative growth curve models for estimating individual developmental functions from various types of longitudinal data are discussed in the context of investigator assumptions and research design characteristics. Linear and nonlinear models that estimate growth curves are illustrated, and contrasted when they are fit to speech development…

The hypothesis that coping with novelty is a key aspect of intelligence is not supported by the data of Sternberg and Gastel. It is contended that these authors committed a common error by interpreting correlations involving difference scores without reference to the properties of the components of the difference. (SLD)

Uses hierarchical modeling techniques to investigate Australian students' science achievement, examining the proposition that gender and socioeconomic inequities result from school systems designed to produce an unequal social order. Even after adjusting for students' individual characteristics, their home backgrounds, and school context, there…

This study uses quantitative and qualitative findings from a mail and online questionnaire to examine the experiences and perspectives of 76 doctoral-degreed social work faculty about the factors that affected their career decisions. The authors discuss similarities and differences between women and men in job-related decision making. Respondent…

Dell, Burger, and Svec (1997) proposed that the proportion of speech errors classified as anticipations (e.g., "moot and mouth") can be predicted solely from the overall error rate, such that the greater the error rate, the lower the anticipatory proportion (AP) of errors. We report a study examining whether this effect applies to changes in error…

Adaptive Hypermedia Systems can be developed to accommodate a variety of individual differences, including learning style and cognitive style. This study investigates the hypothesis that adaptive hypermedia accommodating cognitive styles can be beneficial for the observed learning outcomes. A prototype system, designed to be adapted to individual…