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Direct linkMark Bray; Abdel Rahamane Baba-Moussa – Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 2025
This paper examines and builds on an earlier contribution to this journal focusing on private supplementary tutoring -- widely known as shadow education -- in Francophone West and Central Africa. Drawing on wider literature about research methods in this domain, it examines the basis for the numerical estimates presented in the original article…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Tutoring, Supplementary Education, Private Education
Erwin, Sarah C.; Sewall, Jennifer; Tippens, Julie A.; Nyaoro, Dulo; Miamidian, Helen M. – Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 2020
According to the The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), there are currently more than 25.4 million refugees globally, representing the largest number of refugees in recorded history. More than one in three refugees who fall under the auspices of the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) protection are of school age (UNHCR…
Descriptors: Urban Areas, Refugees, International Organizations, Statistical Data
