Likert-type item is the most popular response format for collecting data in social, educational, and psychological studies through scales or questionnaires. However, there is no consensus on whether parametric or non-parametric tests should be preferred when analyzing Likert-type data. This study examined the statistical power of parametric and…

Illustrates a simple nonparametric alternative that can be used to test a hypothesis that two proximity matrices on the same set of variables or objects reflect a similar pattern of high and low entries. (RC)

Treats the problem of testing an ordered hypothesis based on the ranks of the data. Statistical procedures for the randomized block design with more than one observation per cell are derived. Multiple comparisions and estimation procedures are included. (Author/RC)

A procedure for approximating attained significance levels of exact conditional tests is proposed. The procedure utilizes a sampling from the null distribution of tables having the same marginal frequencies as the observed tables. (Author/JKS)

This paper explains how to combine probabilities from discrete distributions, such as probability distributions for nonparametric tests. (Author/BW)