In this study, the authors examined whether placing demographic questions at the beginning of a survey impacts student responses to a social and emotional skills assessment. Participants were students who took the ACT® test on the national testing date in December 2019 and responded to an invitation to participate in research after completing the…

In a quasi-experimental evaluation of the possible role of stereotype threat in the academic performance of college students with learning disabilities (LD), students with (N = 29) and without (N = 62) identified LD took a simulated Verbal GRE® task in one of two conditions modeled after those used in past stereotype threat (ST) research. The task…

Self-stereotyping, defined as the activation of stereotypes about oneself because of membership in a particular group, has been shown in certain situations to enhance or diminish cognitive performance. This study examined the effects of asking 1,107 African American and Caucasian American high school juniors from 22 schools to indicate their…