Research supported in part by a United States Public Health Service grant. Article based on a PhD thesis submitted to the University of Pittsburgh. Reprints from: E.N. Murray, Dept of Psychology, State Univ of N.Y., Buffalo, N.Y.

Fifty participants were exposed to a simple discrimination-training procedure during which six S+ functions were established for six arbitrary stimuli, and S- functions were established for a further six stimuli. Following this training, each participant was exposed to one of five conditions. In the S+ condition, participants were exposed to a…

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using picture activity schedule books to increase on-schedule and on-task behaviors of children with moderate intellectual disabilities. Four students enrolled in a self-contained classroom participated in the study. Graduated guidance, system of least prompts, and verbal prompting…

Accounts of learning and generalization typically focus on factors related to lasting changes in representation (i.e., long-term memory). The authors present evidence that shorter term effects also play a critical role in determining performance and that these recency effects can be subdivided into perceptual and decisional components.…

A study had two aims: to explore the ability of pupils of grades 4-7 to give operational evidence of generalizing in selected numerical situations, and to study the effects of differing manners of verbalizing a generalization on the retention of the ability to use the generalizations. Pupils (18) from each of grades 4-7 in a public school were…

Uses an innocuous tone as the imperative stimulus, or unconditioned stimulus, as in a forewarned reaction time situation but with no overt response required. Evidence of conditioning and generalization to words is obtained. (Editor/RK)

Ten author-contributed papers present information on stimulus control research and developmental disabilities. Articles address such isues as the role of naming, development of stimulus classes, control by exclusion, and comparison of trial-and-error and graduated stimulus change procedures. (CL)

In this study, a transfer of stimulus control procedure was used to establish generalized verb-noun instruction-following skills in two severely retarded boys. (Author/JH)

Critique of Crothers and Suppes' Experiments in Second Language Learning,'' New York: Academic Press, 1967. Revised version of lecture presented to the Applied Linguistics section of the Modern Language Association, New York, New York, December 1970. (RS)

Four-year-old boys and girls initially named and matched by form more often than by color. Also, agreements involving form names and matches occurred more often than agreements involving color names and matches. (Authors)

Tests the effects of stimulus variability on overgeneralization and overdiscrimination errors in children and adults. The subjects (n=64), adults and five-, seven-, and nine-year-old children, participated in a visual discrimination task. (CM)

The results indicated that the visual feedback was used very effectively by five of the 12 Ss in reducing their excessively nasal voice quality, and somewhat effectively by four others. (Author/DLS)

This research tested the hypothesis that young children's bias to generalize names for solid objects by shape is the product of statistical regularities among nouns in the early productive vocabulary. Fifteen- to 20-month-olds given intensive naming experiences with typical noun categories developed a precocious shape bias and showed accelerated…

The nature of stimulus and response generalization is discussed, and a number of tasks related to generalization that are commonly taught in early childhood programs are identified. Research evidence concerning generalization is reported, as are recommendations for enhancing generalization. (Author/LB)