Investigates the hypothesis that people with last names beginning with the letters "S" through "Z" are 50 percent more neurotic than those people in the "A" through "R" group. The author's research does not support this hypothesis. (HMV)

Meditation and relaxation were compared for ability to reduce stress reactions in a laboratory threat situation. Meditation can produce a psychophysiological configuration in stress situations opposite to that seen in stress-related syndromes. Research is indicated on clinical applications and on the process whereby meditation state effects may…

Physiological and subjective measures of counselor anxiety were compared to determine if counselors experienced greater anxiety during a counseling interview than during a conversation. Anxiety was assessed by self-report, skin conductance, and heart-rate measures. Conclusions were than counselors experience comparable anxiety during counseling…

Judgments of disorder as reflected by pathology ratings and recommendations for professional help were strongly influenced by the type of stress condition. Stress conditions had different impact for males and females. (Author)

The construct of motive to avoid success (Horner, 1969) accounts for differences in achievement motivation between sexes due, hypothetically, to conflicts encountered by women when competing with men. However, recent research suggests that some men also fear success. The present study investigated socio-cultural correlates differentiating persons…

Two studies were conducted in order to test the hypothesis that the afereffects of stress on both performance and social behavior are attributable to a depletion of attentional capacity. This depletion, or "cognitive fatigue," was predicted to increase with both the attentional load and duration of an activity. Results were positive. (Author)

In this study a marked shift toward feminism was found in women's attitudes, but little change occured in their perception of men as relatively conservative. Strains may be developing as more women adopt attitudes which they believe men reject. (Author)

This series of papers on stress and anxiety is part of a larger project concerned with a critical appraisal of research needs in the areas of personality, emotion, and motivation. A group of behavioral scientists contributed their expertise in identifying critical variables, concepts, and processes relating to stress and anxiety. Rather than…

The purpose of this experiment was to relate two bodies of research on anxiety: test anxiety, or anxiety proneness specific to the testing situation, and trait-state anxiety. The author hypothesized that state anxiety--anxiety not tied to any particular situation but aroused in "any" situation--should be highly related to test anxiety during a…

Among a relatively large sample of male, young adult prison inmates, four different therapy analogues, along with placebo and untreated controls, were compared as to their effects in reducing stress induced autonomic reactions. The only effective "treatment" proved to be one involving self-concept/self-esteem enhancement. (Author)

Stress has been hypothesized to be both a negative and a positive prognostic factor. Stress was examined in relation to total symptomatology as rated by the patient and a significant other and to five symptom factors. This was accomplished at the time a patient was hospitalized and one year subsequently. (Author)

Three explanations for post-stress performance decrement were investigated--learned helplessness, passive uncontrollability, and distrust. A group of male and female undergraduates at Carthage College (N=112) were exposed to one of four stress treatment conditions: escapable noise (EN), inescapable noise (IN), noise experienced with no expectation…

This investigation examined the relationship between self-reported fears on the Wolpe-Lang Fear Survey Schedule and scores on the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) among hospitalized male veterans and evaluated the effects of threat of failure and loss of self-esteem on the electrodermal activity of 32 male college students classified as high…

Subjects in a stress condition were led to believe that they had failed an important achievement test while subjects in a non-stress condition were not led to believe that they had failed. Projection strategies were manipulated by encouraging subjects either to attribute the cause of their poor performance to the examiner instead of to themselves…

This collection of articles was produced by the Center for Prisoner of War Studies, whose purpose is fourfold: (1) to provide information useful for planning the long-term health care of prisoners of war (POW's); (2) to evaluate the prison experience so that military survival training programs may be effectively planned; (3) to enumerate the…