Examines the structure of negation in questions in French, in particular the interrogative form containing a negative but expecting a positive response. (AM)

Field work conducted under the auspices of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1957-1971; research partially supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation. (DD)

Examines the relationship of "ne" and its accompanying particles ("pas,""plus,""jamais,""personne," etc.) in the French negation system, with special reference to subject opacity. (AM)

The article shows that Russian syntax and word formation should receive more attention in language instruction, and suggests a functional approach as opposed to a taxonomic presentation in teaching syntax. Examples are given to show that the facts of underlying syntactic relationships should be incorporated into a teaching grammar. (CLK)

The author begins this paper with, "Let us recognize as axiomatic the statement that sentences in natural languages have the properties of structured, organic wholes." She feels that this statement has several important theoretical consequences, the most interesting (in so far as the current controversy over "surfacism" is…

This paper is concerned with the semantic, rather than the syntactic, nature of non-restrictive relativization, and its implications. (CK)

This article examines the definitions "syntagmeme" and "syntheme" and the criteria which distinguish one from the other. (Text is in French.) (AM)

This article attempts to show that a more rigorous approach to surface structure analysis can reveal distinctions just as subtle as those discovered through analyzing deep structures or transformations. Relative clauses are examined in relation to nominal constructions, and alternatives to restrictive and non-restrictive classifications are…

This paper deals with deep and surface structure differences and their implication for language teachers. Examples of similar surface structures and dissimilar underlying structures often presented to students of English for pattern drill are pointed out (e.g., the "it" in "It's easy to speak English,""It's difficult for us," and "It's hot…

Expanded version of a paper presented before the Applied Linguistics Section of the South Central Modern Language Association Convention, Memphis, Tennessee, 1970. (DD)

Most linguistic theory is analytic in that it begins with a complex unit and breaks it down into components. Criticisms of analytic linguistics are made, and a synthetic approach is proposed which begins with atomic components of language and rules for grouping them into more complex units. (RM)