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Li, Yang; Zhang, Xian – Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics / Revue canadienne de linguistique appliquée, 2019
The current study investigates how second language (L2) listening comprehension is associated with three dimensions of L2 vocabulary knowledge: size, depth, and fluency. Vocabulary knowledge tests administered to 290 participants measured L2 auditory vocabulary size, depth, and fluency. Afterward, participants took an International English…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Listening Comprehension, Correlation, Vocabulary Development
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Liu, Xinmiao – Journal of Education and Practice, 2016
The relationship between motivation and EFL proficiency is an issue of great concern in previous research on foreign language learning. However, work in this area offers inconclusive evidence with regard to the directionality of their relations. Using cross-lagged structural equation modeling, this study investigated the directionality of the…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Predictor Variables, Measurement Techniques, Reliability