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Aguirre-Urreta, Miguel I.; Rönkkö, Mikko; Marakas, George M. – Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives, 2016
One of the central assumptions of the causal-indicator literature is that all causal indicators must be included in the research model and that the exclusion of one or more relevant causal indicators would have severe negative consequences by altering the meaning of the latent variable. In this research we show that the omission of a relevant…
Descriptors: Causal Models, Measurement, Research Problems, Structural Equation Models

Cohen, Patricia; And Others – Applied Psychological Measurement, 1990
Problems in the measurement of latent variables (LVs) in structural equations causal models are presented, with examples from recent empirical studies. Main issues addressed are (1) two general types of increased operative variables; (2) criteria for indicators of LVs; and (3) disattenuation effects in LV models. (SLD)
Descriptors: Causal Models, Literature Reviews, Mathematical Models, Measurement Techniques