The concept of growth mindset has been touted as a promising tool to empower learning, but mixed effects emerge. Growth mindset advocates are calling for more attention to the heterogeneity of growth mindset, namely, the interference of other factors at individual or contextual levels (e.g., teacher variables) with the relationship between growth…

The purpose of this study is to examine the predictive effects of epistemological beliefs about science and informal reading of scientific texts on students' future-oriented optimism on the issue of climate change. Future-oriented climate change optimism is defined as encompassing "hope" and "anticipation" about the climate…

The importance of self-concept and the feeling of belonging to a school have been highlighted in numerous studies as predictors of school success. However, there are hardly any studies that link the relationship between self-concept and the feeling of belonging to the school. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the influence of personal and…

The study aims to investigate how confidence in mathematics/science, amount of books in the home, gender, whether a student likes being in school, and computer software predicted mathematics and science achievements of students in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2019. The sample of the study consisted of…

This study investigated student and classroom level variables related to student science achievement by using the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2015 dataset. Multilevel modeling was applied in this secondary analysis to examine how science self-concept, school relatedness, and science teaching quality predicted…

Competitiveness and cooperativeness are important predictors of social and learning outcomes at school. Drawing on evidence suggesting that contexts with high income inequality foster an ethos of competitiveness and inhibit cooperativeness in the economic environment, we examine whether income inequality is also associated with more…

This study examined the predictive power of students' demographic characteristics, reading attitudes, school characteristics, and teacher-informed reading activities on three metacognitive reading skills: understanding and remembering, summarizing, and assessing credibility and their influence on 15-year-old students' reading scores. The dataset…

One of the goals of the educational system is to promote the well-being of students due to its associated on their academic performance. This research aims to shed light on the main role of well-being variables (introduced by PISA 2018 for the first time, as far as our knowledge) in the mathematical competence throughout of the PISA 2018…

Background: Research has shown that teacher feedback is critical for student learning and well-being (Siegle & McCoach, 2007; Wisniewski et al., 2020). However, teachers often provide more positive feedback to students from high socioeconomic backgrounds than to those from low socioeconomic backgrounds (Rimm-Kaufman et al., 2000; Tobisch &…

In this paper, it is aimed to evaluate different aspects of students' response time to items in the mathematics test and their test effort as an indicator of test motivation with the help of some variables at the item and student levels. The data consists of 4th-grade Singapore and Turkish students participating in the TIMSS 2019. Response time…

This study examined the factors that determined the science achievement of fourth-grade students on the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2019 in the USA. The data were retrieved from the TIMSS international database and imported to the R program for manipulation. The EdSurvey package was used to conduct multilevel…

Research Findings: The present study examines the unique and joint effects of individual teacher-child relationships and overall quality of teacher-childinteractions on the motivation of 2,745 kindergarten children (51% girls; ages 5--6) from an ethnically and linguistically diverse county. Teachers reported the closeness and conflict in their…

Research Findings: The present study examines the unique and joint effects of individual teacher-child relationships and overall quality of teacher-child interactions on the motivation of 2,745 kindergarten children (51% girls; ages 5--6) from an ethnically and linguistically diverse county. Teachers reported the closeness and conflict in their…

Comparative analyses of the Programme for International Student Assessment between immigrant and native students place immigrant students in an unfavourable position in schools, with disadvantageous indicators regarding socioeconomic and professional paths. However, the Programme for International Student Assessment assesses a series of dimensions…

This study examined how high school students' attitudes toward advanced physics were predicted by their sense of school belonging, and how gender moderated this relationship. The Trends in International Math and Science (TIMSS) 2015 Advanced data, consisting of responses from 12th grade students enrolled in advanced physics courses among nine…