Smart worksheets are an emerging educational technology that supports self-directed learning and provides targeted feedback on student assessment, while also reducing staff marking workload. However, their adoption may be limited by high cost, limited flexibility, and proprietary ownership. This study presents the design, implementation, and…

STEM fields, such as physics, increasingly rely on complex programs to analyse large datasets, thus teaching students the required programming skills is an important component of all STEM curricula. Since undergraduate students often have no prior coding experience, they are reliant on error messages as the primary diagnostic tool to identify and…