High quality student outcome measures provide the foundation for effective learning assessment. These outcomes can be organized into different categories, such as skills or habits of mind, and evidence types, such as direct or indirect. Prevailing models of assessment, however, focus only on the distinction between direct and indirect evidence…

Learning taxonomies can assist faculty in developing course structures that promote enhanced student learning in the cognitive and affective domains. Significant Learning is one approach to course design that allows for development in six key areas: Foundational Knowledge, Application, Integration, Human Dimension, Caring, and Learning How to…

In the United States, government mandates for educational accountability have prompted an increase in testing in K-12 and higher education settings, resulting in a generation of millennial students who have undergone repeated assessment over the course of their educational careers. The cumulative effects of testing may range from increasingly…

The focus of this study is gendered differences and similarities in the distribution of individual education plan (IEP) targets given to pupils in Swedish schools. IEP writing is seen as part of teachers' formal assessment practice. Through qualitative content analysis of data, two main target types emerged: "learning targets," related…

Background: The pedagogical and status implications of assessment in physical education (PE) have been recognised in the past. How students perceive being assessed and graded is a neglected area, however. While some studies have garnered students' perceptions of assessment when no grade is awarded or the stakes are relatively low, we know less…

Students in an introductory biology course who were given open-book exams during the semester earned significantly higher grades on these exams, but significantly lower grades on the closed-book final exam, than students who took in-class, closed-book exams throughout the semester. Exam format was also associated with changes in academic behavior;…

Decision-making Rationale for Educational Testing (DRET) is a proposal intended to reduce the misuse of achievement tests. It assumes 1) measurement is intended to facilitate decision-making, 2) the choice of an instrument, the identification of examinees and the use of test results is determined by the decision for which the measurement is to be…

A test battery was developed to measure 18 goals delineated by Phi Delta Kappa with an additional three added on. The purpose of the test was to assist school districts in needs assessment and program evaluation. The battery contained the following tests: Civics, Human Relations, Language/Reasoning, General Knowledge, Self, Careers, Arts and…

This explanatory report was prepared to assist educators in the interpretation of the local district and school summary reports provided by the 1974-75 Michigan Educational Assessment Program. Information concerning the interpretation of student and classroom reports was provided in a separate report. The first section of this report describes the…

Results are summarized of research on a program instituting graded objectives and tests in French. The research project was conducted during the 1979-80 school year by the Language Teaching Council at York, England. Two experimental groups and two control groups were formed of students aged 13 and over. Pupils, parents, and teachers completed…

Two fundamental components of behavioral instruction were investigated: the reported testing feature and absolute performance standards. The component analysis was conducted by offering an undergraduate psychology course simultaneously along two dimensions: grading systems and number of study/test cycles. The 425 college student subjects were…

There was some concern that Holland's Self Directed Search for Educational and Vocational Planning (SDS) was inappropriate to use with blacks since it may steer them toward more Realistic occupations not requiring a college education. The purpose of the study was to compare the pattern of vocational planning choices for black and white students…

As part of an international study of students' achievement in literature, a thorough analysis was made of 23 current books, curricula, and reports, concerning the teaching of literature, to determine the pedagogical objectives pursued and the kinds of literature being taught in secondary schools in the United States. From these sources, a number…

About 3,000 students in grades 3, 7, and 11 were assessed for fitness, motor ability, knowledge and understanding of physical activity, and participation and attitudes toward physical acitivity. Over 2,200 physical education teachers and 1,300 administrators completed questionnaires on instructional practices and program assessment. Results…

Objective: The third-year clerkship provides fundamental psychiatric training experience for medical students at Ohio State University. The authors aimed to assess students' attitudes toward this clerkship, as well as its quality and its relationship to standardized measures of performance. Methods: Pre- and post-surveys using Likert-type scales…