Previous studies of affordance have not explored in detail how a special type of affordance -- institutional affordance -- worked in multilingualism. By drawing empirical voices of students, this study investigates how institutional affordance supplied by a collegiate multilingual education policy was perceived and utilised by students. A thematic…

China released two new policies in 2021, the 'double reduction' and a Gaokao (National College Entrance Examination) regulation, which have significantly impacted English learning and Languages other than English (LOTEs) learning respectively. This has intensified the existing dispute over 'English fever' and made people question whether the…

The National Education Reform Act of 1999 sought to modernise Thai education at all levels. The core reforms included teacher training, to shift to student-centred pedagogy; de-centralisation of school and university administration; and integration of communication technologies. Among subsequent developments was the push for internationalising…

With the aim of further exploring students' engagement with language education policy processes and their decision-making practices that shape their language learning experience, this study carried out a nine-month ethnographic fieldwork to examine the English language learning trajectories of three rural high school students in China. On top of…

This book examines internationalization practices, policies and experiences within TESOL teacher education. The chapters offer empirical, conceptual and theoretical engagements with the internationalization of TESOL teacher program curricula from both global and critical perspectives. They analyze the opportunities, challenges and gaps between…

This qualitative study examines how Thai EFL teachers utilize pedagogical translanguaging in multilingual secondary school classrooms, employing both planned and unplanned strategies to support English language learning. Grounded in Cenoz and Gorter's (2021) multilingual pedagogical translanguaging model, the study investigates how teachers…

The increasing use of English in higher education around the world has prompted a large amount of research into the causes, effects and perceptions of this phenomenon, particularly relating to the introduction of English-medium instruction. While most previous research has focussed on institutions that have effectively 'added' English to existing…

Research on English Medium Instruction (EMI) in Higher Education (HE) has tended to have a technicist orientation, examining for example how it is implemented and the challenges it has encountered. Much less critical attention has been given to the rationales that language policy makers and other stakeholders offer for introducing EMI - the…

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has recently made significant changes to its tertiary education programs, aligning itself with other nations in the Middle East and North Africa by adopting the practice of English Medium Instruction (EMI). However, EMI is not without drawbacks. In the UAE and Qatar, for example, researchers have reported on the…

This study explores the implications of the current foreign language policy in Algeria by holding evidence from the Algerian government practices and the Algerians' beliefs and views. The study also responds to the call of Maraf and Osam (2022a) to study neoliberalism as a possible outcome of the English wave in Algeria and considers further…

The past few decades have seen a boom in English-medium instruction (EMI) in Chinese universities. Despite growing research interest in EMI policy and practices in China, little is known about how students' motivation to study in the EMI programs is influenced by EMI policy and its implementation at the meso and micro levels. This study addresses…

English is core to HE (higher education) globally, with both HE and English seen as pathways to success for students. Yet, access to English is unequal and colonial ideologies associate English with Anglophone settings. Much of the research on English in HE has focused on elite institutions and students, while the majority of the world's HE…

Drawing on neoliberal ideology as a theoretical lens, this study critically examines how neoliberal ideological assumptions shape the interpretation and implementation of TGUP (Top Global University Project) as an English-medium instruction (EMI) policy in the Japanese context at multiple levels of government, universities, and multilingual…

This research was conducted to find the urgency of implementing the mandatory TOEFL test policy. This policy requires students who will take the final examination to have a TOEFL certificate with a minimum score of 450. This research used a qualitative research method with 114 students as the sample. Furthermore, triangulation was utilized by…

This paper targets the aim of 'strengthening the students' multilingualism' in a second language subject in Sweden, "Swedish as a second language" (SSL), which represents a relatively rare L2 design internationally. The study investigates how "ideological space" for multilingualism with regard to this aim opens…