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Steven L. Wise; Megan R. Kuhfeld; Marlit Annalena Lindner – Applied Measurement in Education, 2024
When student achievement is assessed, we seek to elicit a student's maximum performance -- a goal requiring the assumption that the student is fully engaged. Otherwise, to the extent that disengagement occurs, test performance is likely to suffer. Effectively managing test-taking disengagement requires an understanding of the testing conditions…
Descriptors: Testing, Attention Span, Learner Engagement, Time Factors (Learning)
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Kim, Ahyoung Alicia; Yumsek, Meltem; Kemp, Jason A.; Chapman, Mark; Cook, H. Gary – Language Testing, 2023
English learners (ELs) comprise approximately 10% of kindergarten to Grade 12 students in US public schools, with about 15% of ELs identified as having disabilities. English language proficiency (ELP) assessments must adhere to universal design principles and incorporate universal tools, designed to increase accessibility for all ELs, including…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Students with Disabilities