Educational outcomes remain highly unequal within and across nations. Students' mindsets--their beliefs about whether intellectual abilities can be developed--have been identified as a potential lever for making adolescents' academic outcomes more equitable. Recent research, however, suggests that intervention programs aimed at changing students'…

Although the social-emotional development of students is an important goal of schools, and foreign language education is generally intended to be a humanistic pursuit valuing the appreciation of others' cultures and the similarities and differences among people, these objectives are not always translated into classroom practice. The link between…