The normal 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) captures fundamental concepts covered in the principles of cardiac electrophysiology. First year osteopathic medical students recorded their own 12-lead ECG tracings in a laboratory session that also included completing a guided worksheet where they interpreted their 12-lead ECG results. Student feedback…

Though it is well known that pre-service teachers' field experiences are recognized as key to enhancing teaching practice, Taiwanese pre-service teachers who take "Teaching Methods and Materials" in elementary school's seven areas often complain that they lack field experience. They do not have the opportunity to experience teaching…