Gross anatomy is a crucial course in medical school; it sets the foundation for future coursework and is highly valued by clinicians. While both medical students and faculty recognize the importance of pre-medical school anatomy experience, few medical schools require it as a prerequisite. Consequently, medical school gross anatomy courses have a diverse range of prior anatomy experience among students. Prior studies have shown mixed results regarding the impact of pre-medical school anatomy experience on medical school gross anatomy performance, often using final exam scores as the metric of analysis. In this study, we investigated the relationship between pre-medical school anatomy experience and medical school gross anatomy performance among students at New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine. We surveyed students from all four matriculated years and analyzed their individual anatomy laboratory exam scores and final anatomy laboratory course scores. We found that students with prior anatomy experience performed significantly better on the first anatomy laboratory exam, leading to an overall positive effect on their final anatomy laboratory score. However, this advantage seemed to diminish in subsequent exams, suggesting that students without prior experience rapidly adjusted to the course challenges. Students with prior anatomy experience felt more prepared for the anatomy course, reported lower stress levels, and believed they had an advantage over peers without prior experience. Our study highlights the importance of pre-medical school anatomy experience, particularly for early performance in the anatomy course.