This occasional paper presents national demographic subgroup data for the 1975-2022 Monitoring the Future (MTF) national survey results on 8th, 10th, and 12th graders' use of drugs, alcohol, and tobacco. The study covers all major classes of illicit and licit psychoactive drugs for an array of population subgroups. The 2020 subgroup data presented…

Monitoring the Future (MTF) is a long-term study of American adolescents, college students, and adults through age 50. It has been conducted annually by the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research since its inception in 1975. It is supported under a series of investigator-initiated, competing research grants from the National…

The Monitoring the Future (MTF) study is an ongoing series of national surveys of American adolescents and adults that has provided the nation with a vital window into the important, but largely hidden, problem behaviors of illegal drug use, alcohol use, tobacco use, anabolic steroid use, and psychotherapeutic drug use. For more than a third of…

Examines the relationship between school norms of substance use disapproval and students' use of cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana. Analysis indicated that in general, school-level disapproval lowered the probability of students' use of these substances. A school environment of disapproval was also found to create a protective environment for…

Investigated whether correlates of substance use changed across historical time. A high degree of consistency was found across historical time in predictors of past month cigarette or alcohol use and past year marijuana or cocaine use. Some predictors were consistently linked to substance use. Consistency of other predictors was contingent upon…

Presents information on the extent of alcohol use and other drug use among college students. Alcohol rates are very high among college students, with use higher among males than females. White students are highest in heavy drinking, black students are lowest and Hispanics are intermediate. Results indicate colleges should do more to reduce heavy…

This document consists of a joint lecture/discussion co-delivered as the 1987 University Senior Research Scientist Lecture at the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research. The opening remarks by Jerald G. Bachman describe how the program of research into drug use among youth and young adults evolved at the Institute for Social…

The belief that schools can play a powerful role in preventing tobacco use among adolescents has led to the implementation of various tobacco-related polices and practices. This study examines the association between school policies regarding monitoring student behavior, severity of action taken for infraction of policies, and tobacco use by…

This report presents findings from a national survey of the 1975-80 high school classes, focusing on drug use and related attitudes of American high school seniors. The materials highlight data on grade of first use, usage trends at earlier grade levels, intensity of drug use, attitudes and beliefs about various types of drug use, and students'…

Relations among academic achievement, school bonding, school misbehavior, and cigarette use from eighth to twelfth grade were examined in two national and panel samples of youth from the Monitoring the Future project (N=3,056). A series of competing conceptual models developed a priori was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). The…

After a brief overview of the size and nature of illicit drug use observed among American adolescents and young adults over the past 20 years, this paper argues that the nation's reliance on supply reduction as its primary strategy for controlling drug abuse has been unsuccessful. Of the two approaches to demand reduction--coercive techniques…

This report presents detailed statistics on the prevalence of drug use among American high school seniors in 1981, and on trends in those figures since 1975. The purposes and rationale of the study, the research design and procedures, and the representativeness and validity of the study are discussed in the introduction. Section II provides a…

This document contains volume I of a two-volume report presenting the results of the 17th national survey of drug use and related attitudes among American high school seniors and the 12th national survey of American college students. Volume I contains the results from the secondary school samples of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders. Chapter 1 provides…

The current prevalence of drug use among American high school seniors, and trends in drug use since 1975, were investigated as part of the program entitled "Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of the Lifestyles and Values of Youth," funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The basic research design involved data collection from high…

The so-called "drug abuse problem" in America is really a constellation of separate but related problems; since a variety of drugs are illicitly used, and drug abuse leads to many derivative problems, both within and outside the United States. This monograph begins by assessing the current state of the drug abuse problem in America, and analyzing…