Learning logs collected by digital educational systems, increasingly deployed in educational settings, include clickstream logs recorded through page transitions in teaching materials and digital marker logs recorded by drawing a marker. A challenge with these learning logs is their low temporal and spatial resolutions. This paper proposes a…

A distinctive feature of game-based learning environments is their capacity to create learning experiences that are both effective and engaging. Recent advances in sensor technologies (e.g., facial expression analysis and gaze tracking) and natural language processing have introduced the opportunity to leverage multimodal data streams for learning…