The intended purpose of physical restraint, seclusion, and time-out rooms in schools is to intervene in a crisis when the behaviour of a student poses an immediate or imminent, and significant threat to physical safety. While the use of physical restraint, seclusion, and time-out rooms is intended to provide protection from immediate physical…

Addictions can be classified as any substance, habit or behavior that one has come to depend upon. These can include a variety of habits or behaviors outside of the traditional illicit drug realm. We studied substances, behaviors and habitual addictions to determine if relapse rates are negatively correlated with positive or negative support. We…

Virtual reality (VR) places individuals within a simulated experience using an array of visual, auditory, and tactile interfaces. Research suggests VR, which facilitates the rehearsal of actual job duties and performance assessment during training, may improve professional development across a range of disciplines. Although studies incorporating…

In the field of education, teachers are sentries for maintaining proper decorum, upholding school policies, and maintaining a social justice classroom, free of adversarial behaviors. While the premise of proper social and academic student engagement is expected, teachers are not always aware of or able to respond to inappropriate social…

Educating students who engage in disruptive behaviors is a challenge for many educators. Literature acknowledges this challenge, but there is a paucity in the research related to the perception of teachers, specifically elementary teachers who teach within self-contained behavioral programs on the effects of the interventions they are currently…

The problem addressed in this study was the disruptive behaviors of children with self-regulation difficulties in the classroom environment. The purpose of this study was to understand how elementary public-school teachers in New York City address the needs of students with self-regulation difficulties in their classroom and to explore strategies…

An increasing number of students in schools across America are being raised by grandparents. Multiple factors contribute to a child being removed from a biological parent's home and placed in custodial grandparent care. The increasing phenomenon of the grandfamily, and the instances that often lead to this new familial structure, may have…

This mixed-method study explored disruptive student behaviors and administrators' support for teachers in dealing with disruptive behaviors. The researcher collected data from teachers and administrators with online questionnaires. A Pearson r correlation showed a significant relationship between disruptive student behaviors and teachers'…

Secondary students with specific learning disabilities often have challenges with academic engagement and performance within the general education setting. Opportunity to respond strategies, such as student response systems, have shown promise in supporting academic engagement for students without disabilities. However, there are few studies…

Background: Mental health is a priority for high schools, but extant programs often focus on symptom reduction rather than promoting adolescents' developmental assets. Objective: The goal of this study is to examine whether Art in Mind (AIM), a strengths-based after-school organized art activity tailored to fit the needs of adolescents with…

Although research suggests that student misconduct on school buses is pervasive, little is known about the strategies drivers use to promote safe buses. We consulted with more than 40 professionals from the transportation community to create a behavioral management strategy taxonomy for buses. We also analyzed results from a nationally…

Disruptive student behavior poses significant challenges for teachers and is associated with negative student outcomes. Research shows that teacher use of empirically-based proactive behavior management (PBM) can improve student outcomes; however, research also indicates that teacher use of PBM is low. One prominent factor in teacher use of PBM is…

This article provides an overview of how reinforcement serves as the foundation for a function-based approach to support students with challenging behavior. Understanding reinforcement is essential when providing function-based support for students with challenging behavior. Reinforcement "strengthens" behavior, increasing the…

Disciplinary exclusions, particularly out-of-school suspension and expulsions, are a pressing concern for schools, as research demonstrates that they are associated with myriad deleterious outcomes such as increased risk for poor academic achievement, school dropout, and contact with juvenile justice. Research suggests that School-Wide Positive…

Problem behavior is one of the most pressing issues in today's classrooms. Problem behavior not only interferes with the learning potential of the student exhibiting the behavior but has rippling effects throughout the entire learning environment. Considering that problem behavior disrupts the learning environment for all students, it is crucial…