In 2010, the government announced their latest drive to raise the status of vocational qualifications in secondary education. This overhaul was subsequently enacted based on recommendations made by Alison Wolf in her review of vocational education. As a result, the Department for Education (DfE) introduced four new categories of vocational…

A study used data from a long-standing examination system, the General Educational Development (GED) certificate, to illustrate that the details of examination systems have marked impacts on the number of test takers who obtain the desired credential and on the racial/ethnic composition of passers. Data provided by the Florida Department of…

Traditional academic diplomas and degrees remain the most prominent credentials for the workplace. Educational participation and rates of attainment of traditional and other credentials at all levels are at an all-time high. Between 1970 and 1997, female postsecondary enrollments increased by 67.2%. Blacks and Hispanics, however, remained…