Assessments of clinical skills of medical students rely increasingly on standardized patients demonstrating medical cases with faculty rating performance. The common finding of inconsistency of scores across cases is often referred to as case specificity. A multivariate generalizability model reveals that overall case specificity cannot explain…

The author proposes a model for evaluation of learning in clinical nursing courses which incorporates three classes of objectives: instructional (the "defined behavior" type), expressive (elaboration and indivivualization of learned skills and meanings), and Type 3 (problem-solving). Three types of outcome are distinguished: instructor-, student-,…

Background information is provided to clarify some of the issues surrounding teacher and student evaluation in pharmacy education. Major questions explored dealt with what should be evaluated, how the data should be collected and used, and the adaptability of the experiential domain for students. (Author/LBH)

The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Southern Illinois University School of Medicine has devised an evaluation system that not only provides the advantages of oral examination but also attempts to alleviate some of its disadvantages. The system uses oral examination to assess students' content knowledge. (MLW)

The New England College of Optometry has developed a clinical curriculum that utilizes external clinical affiliates as a part of the fourth-year training process. Educational opportunities in primary, secondary, and tertiary care settings provide students with a wide range of patient care experiences. (Author/MLW)

Evaluative studies of experiential education in pharmacy are reviewed, and a holistic approach to evaluation, including a model, is presented. The conceptual model includes content analysis of the course material, and instruments for assessing cognitive and affective domains and analysis and application of skills. (SW)

Drawing from survey data (n=138 medical schools in the United States and Canada), a study analyzed medical schools' systems for evaluating student progress in clinical experiences. The 4-stage model used by most schools, common and unique characteristics, and 17 symptoms of system errors, signaling a need for system review, are outlined.…

Objective: This study compares the instruments and interventions utilized to identify and remediate unprofessional behaviors in medical students across U.S. psychiatry clerkships. Methods: A 20-item questionnaire was distributed to 120 psychiatry clerkship directors and directors of medical student education, in the U.S., inquiring into the…

The use of modified essay questions (MEQs), developed at the University of Newcastle to assess clinical problem-solving, is reported. Reliability estimates as high as 0.91 were reported. The validity of assessment by MEQ was based on one model of medical problem-solving and another of cognitive skill taxonomies. (Author/MLW)

The evolution of clinical knowledge about the management of a common chronic disease was determined by applying analysis of variance and multiple discriminant analysis to responses on two patient management problems by groups of junior medical students and internal medicine residents. The applying analysis of variance and multiple discriminant…

Assessed opinions of 329 counselor educators regarding the ideal delivery, goals, and methods of clinical supervision. Also examined the influences of theory and research relative to the practice of clinical supervision. Important supervision goals presented here include assisting counselors to develop clinical skills, to increase self-awareness,…

Discussion of student evaluation in clinical legal education (CLE) focuses on self-evaluation. It considers the goals of CLE and the role of evaluation methods in accomplishing them, examines three models in which teaching self-evaluation is central, and reviews legal and medical education teaching techniques using explicit and implicit evaluation…

The Department of Surgery at the Southern Illinois University School of Medicine has developed a multidisciplinary clerkship that melds traditional and nontraditional clerkship features within an organizational structure that places the teaching, curriculum, and student evaluation responsibilities in the hands of the faculty. (MLW)

A long-range plan to evaluate medical students' physical examination skills was undertaken at the Ingham Family Medical Clinic at Michigan State University. The development of the psychomotor skills evaluation model to evaluate the skill of blood pressure measurement, tests of the model's reliability, and the use of the model are described. (JMD)

The authors present a model for teaching group at the master's level that integrates classroom with experiential group practice. The basis for this adult learning model is an understanding of addiction, a model of how people change, and an appreciation of the stages of group development. The components of the model are didactic presentation, class…