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Direct linkMead, Julie F.; Lewis, Maria M. – American Educational Research Journal, 2016
This study explores four instances where parental choice has been employed as a legal "circuit breaker": (a) First Amendment Establishment Clause cases related to public funding, (b) Fourteenth Amendment Equal Protection cases regarding race-conscious student assignment, (c) Title IX regulations concerning single-sex education, and (d) a…
Descriptors: Parents, Legal Responsibility, Federal Legislation, Parent Rights
Conrad-Curry, Dea – ProQuest LLC, 2011
Opportunity to learn via public education has origins in the mid-nineteenth-century as a response to Horace Mann's argument that educating girls as well as boys would build a collectively more prosperous society. Over the years, educational reform through the judicial and legislative branches of government has continued to balance opportunity to…
Descriptors: Educational Trends, Trend Analysis, High School Students, Measures (Individuals)
Download full textOffice for Civil Rights (ED), Washington, DC. – 1991
Discrimination against students on the basis of sex is prohibited in education programs or activities that receive Federal financial assistance. The Office for Civil Rights of the Department of Education enforces the law prohibiting specific discriminatory activities. The law applies to elementary and secondary as well as postsecondary schools.…
Descriptors: Athletics, Civil Rights, Civil Rights Legislation, Elementary Secondary Education
Office for Civil Rights (ED), Washington, DC. – 1980
This report summarizes memoranda issued by the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights (OCR) to clarify policy applications of Title IX (Education Amendments of 1972), Title VI (Civil Rights Act of 1964), and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Cases discussed concern sex discrimination and equal opportunities in school…
Descriptors: Athletics, Disabilities, Due Process, Elementary Secondary Education
Office for Civil Rights (ED), Washington, DC. – 1981
This report summarizes memoranda issued by the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights to clarify policy applications of Title IX (Education Amendments of 1972), Title VI (Civil Rights Act of 1964), and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Cases discussed in reference to Title IX concern discrimination in athletic programs, sex…
Descriptors: Access to Education, Athletics, Disabilities, Elementary Secondary Education
National School Boards Association, Washington, DC. – 1980
Intended for school district attorneys, administrators, and others responsible for regulation enforcement, the seven articles in this publication concern federal civil rights legislation affecting schools. The substance of the regulations and the procedures employed by regulatory agencies (particularly the Office for Civil Rights) are examined and…
Descriptors: Administrator Role, Civil Rights, Compliance (Legal), Court Litigation
