This study developed an online role-playing history education game with real-person NPCs (Non-Player Characters). The game features real people playing NPC characters, and provides a multi-dimensional scaffolding mechanism with realistic story and historical scenes, allowing learners to engage in strategic planning and problem solving during a…

A positive emotional state of students has proved to be essential for favouring student learning, so this paper explores the possibility of obtaining student feedback about the emotions they feel in class in order to discover emotion patterns that anticipate learning failures. From previous studies about emotions relating to learning processes, we…

This study extends the understanding of the process of teachers' technology adoption by investigating the dynamic nature of the adoption process. We propose a nonhomogeneous hidden Markov model that reveals the dynamics of teachers' adoption over time and examines the impact of internal and external factors, including experiences, interventions,…

In the past decade, a number of personalized learning systems have been developed and they mainly focus on learners' prior knowledge. On the other hand, previous research suggested that gender differences and cognitive styles have great effects on student learning. To this end, this study examines how human factors, especially gender differences…

Telepresence has been playing an important role in a mediated learning environment. However, the current design of telepresence seems to be dominated by the emulation of physical human presence. With reference to social constructivism learning and the recognition of individuals as intelligent entities, this study explored the transformation of…