Research on study techniques indicates that any study technique can help if it enables students to process the right information in the right way. Students often have to be carefully trained to use a technique to advantage. Guidelines are provided. (Author/MLF)

Presents an annotated list of 13 books, 6 chapters, 6 articles, and a videotape that were recommended reading for elementary educators regarding reading to learn (content area reading, reading expository text, studying). (RS)

This report reviews traditional research on studying and supplements it with theory and research from other areas of education and psychology to obtain a clearer picture of the way people study. The state variable of the student's knowledge of the criterion task and the processing variables of encoding and of focusing attention are explored. Some…

Using the conceptual frameworks of "levels of processing" and "transfer appropriate processing," the research literature on listening and notetaking was interpreted. Based on these frameworks, implications for encoding and external storage hypotheses are presented and critiqued. The report concludes that there is a potential…

The effectiveness of mapping for middle school students was tested, using 11 eighth graders who were taught to map short expository prose passages during approximately 12 hours of instruction. Mapping is an innovative reading comprehension strategy in which students identify the important relationships defining the text structure and re-represent…

The lack of systematic instruction in understanding and answering questions prompted the development of a taxonomy of 300 American history questions sampled from four current and commonly used intermediate grade level history textbooks. Each category of the classification includes a description of the information the question type provides the…

The Collaboration to Improve Reading in the Content Areas (CIRCA) project, a collaborative effort between the Center for the Study of Reading and the Chicago Public Schools, is described in this paper. Noting that the project was designed to translate research about content area reading into practice, the first section briefly discusses the…

A study investigated the effect of instruction about conventional expository text structure on fifth-graders' ability to learn from similarly structured social studies material. Subjects, 82 fifth graders from four heterogeneous classrooms in two schools in a small midwestern city, were assigned to either a structure training group which received…