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Galloway, Kelli R.; Stoyanovich, Carlee; Flynn, Alison B. – Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 2017
Research on mechanistic thinking in organic chemistry has shown that students attribute little meaning to the electron-pushing (i.e., curved arrow) formalism. At the University of Ottawa, a new curriculum has been developed in which students are taught the electron-pushing formalism prior to instruction on specific reactions--this formalism is…
Descriptors: Organic Chemistry, Student Reaction, Science Instruction, Teaching Methods
Shands, Harley C. – 1971
Semiotic research increasingly reveals the basic importance of structure at all levels of genetic, linguistic, and social process. The paradox that structure not only liberates but also imprisons has been familiar to members of many different cultures, and the search for personal release in transcendent states of feeling contrapuntally illuminates…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Individual Development, Linguistic Theory, Mysticism