Defends and clarifies his redefinition of argument from the perspective of constructivism, particularly the implications that arguments may be wholly or partially nonverbal. (JMF)

Describes a methodology that may offer an operationalized model that allows empirical analysis of paired associate versus symbolic learning. Presents an operational definition of the phenomenon in question and why it might be useful to model the phenomenon. Illustrates distinct advantages offered within this approach to scholars interested in…

A descriptive, qualitative research design was used in a study that examined the formal socialization process in high technology organizations. The primary objective was to determine if organiations involved in high technology tended to exhibit similar symbology in the discourse produced by management for the formal socialization process. Data…

The characteristics, responsibilities, and functions of curriculum professors are examined using a symbolic approach. Education is an area of endeavor representing a high level of symbolic activity, and insofar as curriculum centers on what is or should be taught in the schools and how it should be treated, curriculum workers occupy symbolically…

The pros and cons of the influence of television on society are debated. Television is considered a means by which cultural information is transmitted and a powerful mechanism of socialization. However, television can be seen as a threat to the traditional role of literacy in society. (JN)

Presents an overview of the history of petroglyphs, or rock engravings, traditional methods of creating them, and sites for viewing them in the United States. Provides lists of books and videos about American Indian petroglyphs and a list of several art activities that can be linked to their study. (DSK)

Explores the operational and conceptual meanings of the iconicity of manual signs and sign languages. Empirical studies related to the operational definition of iconicity in American Sign Language are described, and implications of parallels between iconicity and "stimulus meaningfulness" are discussed in relation to the scientific…

Describes how infants and toddlers learn to use action, object, picture, and word symbols, and offers suggestions for educators and caregivers to facilitate symbol use. Discusses how adults can introduce books to young children and enhance the symbolic aspect of the care and education program. (KB)

An examination of key symbols and structures of the recent film, "Fried Green Tomatoes," reveals the nature of the process of coding representations of the real world and its effects. The movie depicts two parallel stories of female friendship. Changes and development of the characters are primarily portrayed through changes in their…

According to S. K. Langer, people create meaning through presentational and discursive symbolism. Presentational symbolism, Langer suggests, is an abstracted sense of experienced life, while discursive symbolism is a series of subordinating or coordinating positions that set in motion the relation of ideas and permits the discussion of causation.…

The value of visual literacy, the ability to recognize and interpret natural and manmade symbols, to a student of foreign language is stressed. Three groups of nonverbal signs--kinesic elements, environmental elements, and objects invested with a special meaning--are discussed, and methods for teaching visual literacy described. (RM)

Discusses the relevancy of visual arts programs to the development of the capacity for visual symbolizing. Explains the use of visual symbols to communicate at a very general level, to communicate accurately and specifically, and to communicate uniquely and expressively. Suggests schools not cut visual arts programs. (RC)

Visual modes of communication are described in this book, which also attempts to show some of the layers of meaning implicit in visual forms and symbols and something of what these can tell about people in general and their subconscious striving for self-identification. It is composed of a series of selected images--photographs, cartoons,…

In order to determine how certain symbolic labels became attached to the city of Memphis, Tennessee, this monograph examines the events leading up to the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., and describes the events, personalities, and social forces that dominated the strike by garbage workers in 1968. It analyzes the strike in terms of the…

This monograph outlines a course in the study of nonverbal or graphic symbols in communication, of language as symbols and of symbols within language. Performance objectives for the students are: (1) giving examples of the use of nonverbal and/or graphic communication symbols; (2) deducing that people assign different meanings to the same work and…