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Direct linkChili Li; Xue Wang; Long Qian – SAGE Open, 2025
The effectiveness of English Language Teaching (ELT) materials significantly influences the learning outcomes of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners, positioning these resources as cardinal in the acquisition process. Despite this widely acknowledged significance, there remains a notable gap in research concerning the evaluation of key…
Descriptors: Syntax, Difficulty Level, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language)
Flint, Kaitlyn; Spaulding, Tammie J. – Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 2021
Purpose: The readability and comprehensibility of Learner's Permit Knowledge Test practice questions and the relationship with test failure rates across states and the District of Columbia were examined. Method: Failure rates were obtained from department representatives. Practice test questions were extracted from drivers' manuals and department…
Descriptors: Correlation, Readability Formulas, Reading Comprehension, Difficulty Level
Dahl, Amanda C.; Carlson, Sarah E.; Renken, Maggie; McCarthy, Kathryn S.; Reynolds, Erin – Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 2021
Purpose: Complex features of science texts present idiosyncratic challenges for middle grade readers, especially in a post-Common Core educational world where students' learning is dependent on understanding informational text. The primary aim of this study was to explore how middle school readers process science texts and whether such…
Descriptors: Science Materials, Textbooks, Difficulty Level, Readability
Download full textNese, Joseph F. T.; Alonzo, Julie; Biancarosa, Gina; Kamata, Akihito; Kahn, Joshua – Grantee Submission, 2017
Text complexity has received increased attention due to the CCSS, which call for students to comprehend increasingly more complex texts as they progress through grades. Quantitative text complexity (or readability) indices are based on text attributes (e.g., sentence lengths, and lexical, syntactic, & semantic difficulty), quantified by…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Difficulty Level, Readability, Sentence Structure
Granados, Adrián; Lorenzo-Espejo, Antonio; Lorenzo, Francisco – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2022
However influential the interdependence hypothesis has become in bilingual research, it still lacks full empirical support. This longitudinal study explores the parallels in the biliteracy development (L1 Spanish and L2 English) of 20 students in a European immersion programme (i.e. CLIL) over a two-year period. A bilingual learner corpus of…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Literacy, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Solnyshkina, Marina I.; Zamaletdinov, Radif R.; Gorodetskaya, Ludmila A.; Gabitov, Azat I. – Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 2017
The article presents the results of an exploratory study of the use of T.E.R.A., an automated tool measuring text complexity and readability based on the assessment of five text complexity parameters: narrativity, syntactic simplicity, word concreteness, referential cohesion and deep cohesion. Aimed at finding ways to utilize T.E.R.A. for…
Descriptors: Readability Formulas, Readability, Foreign Countries, Computer Assisted Testing
Jeon, Moongee – Journal of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics, 2014
This article investigates the lexical and discourse features of English text and discourse with automated computer technologies. Specifically, this article examines the cohesion of English text and discourse with automated computer tools, Coh-Metrix and TEES. Coh-Metrix is a text analysis computer tool that can analyze English text and discourse…
Descriptors: Connected Discourse, Computational Linguistics, Textbooks, Discourse Analysis
Graesser, Arthur C.; McNamara, Danielle S.; Kulikowich, Jonna M. – Educational Researcher, 2011
Computer analyses of text characteristics are often used by reading teachers, researchers, and policy makers when selecting texts for students. The authors of this article identify components of language, discourse, and cognition that underlie traditional automated metrics of text difficulty and their new Coh-Metrix system. Coh-Metrix analyzes…
Descriptors: Reading Teachers, Language Acquisition, Computers, Researchers
