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Tai, James H-Y. – Journal of Chinese Linguistics, 1973
Expanded version of a paper presented at the Annual meeting of the Linguistic Society of America, St. Louis, Missouri, December 28, 1971; research supported by a grant from the Graduate School, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. (DD)
Descriptors: Adverbs, Comparative Analysis, English, Grammar

Heine, Bernd – Linguistics, 1975
Attempts to show that the comparison of language structures may be relevant to diachronic linguistics, and in particular to areal linguistics. The article is based on an ongoing comparative study aimed at devising a typology of African languages. (Author/RM)
Descriptors: African Languages, Comparative Analysis, Contrastive Linguistics, Diachronic Linguistics

Householder, Fred W.; Cheng, Robert L. – Hawaii Language Teacher, 1971
This discussion of universe-scope relations in Chinese and Japanese provides a contrastive analysis of certain features in the two languages. A striking similarity in the deep structure of the noun phrase in both languages is noted and discussed in detail. Both languages have two constituents in a noun phrase which have a semantic relationship…
Descriptors: Chinese, Comparative Analysis, Contrastive Linguistics, Deep Structure
Costello, D. P. – Slavic and East European Journal, 1962
A detailed view of the various uses in Russian of the conjunction "poka" is developed in this article. Frequent examples illustrate clausal relationships, negative constructions, aspect, and tense in typical "poka" constructions. The principal function of "poka" is related to the linguistic concept of simultaneity, and the standard dictionary…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Contrastive Linguistics, Etymology, Form Classes (Languages)
El-Hassan, Shahir A. – IRAL, 1987
Supports the claim that aspect in English and written Arabic is a function of a variety of sentential elements including verb form, verb class, and adverbials. The two languages are basically similar in regard to two universal aspectual distinctions: syntactic categories and semantic categories. (TR)
Descriptors: Adverbs, Arabic, Classification, Comparative Analysis
Rudin, Catherine – 1986
The unique position of WH words in Slavic languages is discussed, with specific reference to Bulgarian and Serbo-Croatian. The multiple fronting characteristics of Bulgarian and Serbo-Croatian differ in terms of the following positions and behaviors: extraction from embedded questions; clitic placement and other indications of constituent status;…
Descriptors: Bulgarian, Comparative Analysis, Connected Discourse, Form Classes (Languages)
Fichtner, Edward G. – 1986
Students in intermediate language courses, especially conversational courses, can benefit from a simple set of instructions for combining words and phrases into sentences. A description of the basic concepts determining word order in German--the fundamental sequence of clause elements, the "infrastructure," and the movement rules by which the…
Descriptors: Adverbs, Comparative Analysis, English, German
Anderson, Stephen R.; Andrews, Avery D. – 1972
This first volume of a three-part language research study states and illustrates that the point of departure for comparative analysis of two languages rests on a comprehensive typology in each of a number of areas of grammar. The report suggests that a limited set of functions can be isolated, and that the range of grammatical possibilities open…
Descriptors: Case (Grammar), Comparative Analysis, Contrastive Linguistics, Deep Structure
Feider, Helga – 1969
To determine the principal differences in syntactic structure between spoken and written American English, a corpus of the spoken (800 sentences) and written (280 sentences) utterances of six graduate students was described in terms of a transformational generative grammar. These utterances were used as a basis for a two-part grammar: (1) a source…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Deep Structure, Descriptive Linguistics, Grammar
Andersson, Erik; Ostman, Jan-Ola – 1978
The encoding of Swedish syntactic information in a study of linguistic data processing is described in detail. The choice of syntactic variables and classification criteria, illustrated with examples, is also discussed. In addition, uses of the coding for contrasting languages, as in this study's comparison of Swedish, Finnish, and English word…
Descriptors: Classification, Comparative Analysis, Computational Linguistics, Data Processing

Horrocks, G.; Stavrou, M. – Journal of Linguistics, 1987
Given that the principal bounding nodes, or barriers, for subjacency are noun phrase (NP), S, and S-bar, with S optionally a barrier, NP and S-bar obligatorily barriers, differences between Greek and English WH-movement are discussed. The contrasts are derived from independently motivated differences in NP structure between the two languages.…
Descriptors: Case (Grammar), Comparative Analysis, Deep Structure, English
Di Pietro, Robert J. – Working Papers in Linguistics, 1971
The distinction between artifact and tool is introduced into the study of language diversity and the posting of linguistic universals. A complicating factor in all language investigations is the use of language as the chief tool to create new language. Analogy and metaphor are considered as two major creative forces at work in all languages.…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Contrastive Linguistics, Creativity, Deep Structure
Kaldor, Susan; Shell, Ruth – 1970
Through an experiment investigating the processes used by several speakers of Asian languages to decode passages by speakers of Australian English, this paper seeks to establish and categorize the types of problems encountered by multilingual speakers when decoding the speech of monolingual speakers in one of their (the multilinguals') second…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Communication Problems, Communication (Thought Transfer), Comparative Analysis
Wang, William S-Y.; And Others – 1971
This report documents results of a two-year effort toward the study and investigation of the design of a prototype system for Chinese-English machine translation in the general area of physics. Previous work in Chinese-English machine translation is reviewed. Grammatical considerations in machine translation are discussed and detailed aspects of…
Descriptors: Algorithms, Chinese, Comparative Analysis, Computational Linguistics
Kessler, Carolyn – 1972
A Language-research experiment designed to examine the linguistic competence of bilingual Italian-American children demonstrates that structures shared by Italian and English are acquired in approximately the same order and at the same rate, and that the sequencing of specific structures reflects linguistic complexity. Structures appearing in both…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, Child Language, Children
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