The effect of presuppositions on the applicability of grammatical rules is discussed. It is argued that the speaker's presupposition may cause a grammatical rule to become optional. (RM)

This paper presents an analysis of the development and application of Charles Fillmore's case system (1968). The system is designed to determine semantic relationships (primarily of nouns) in linguistic deep structure. An historical overview of traditional grammar case labels and reviews of several other case systems are included. The appendix…

A CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTY OF CERTAIN TYPES OF SENTENCE EMBEDDING IN ENGLISH IS THE DELETION OF THE INITIAL NOUN PHRASE OF THE EMBEDDED SENTENCE WHEN THE NOUN PHRASE IS IDENTICAL TO SOME NOUN PHRASE IN THE MAIN SENTENCE. EXAMPLES OF THIS PHENOMENON ARE SENTENCES LIKE "JOHN CONDESCENDED TO GO" AND "JOHN DEFIED BILL TO GO."…

In this paper the author shows that dependency grammars are not only equivalent to structure-free phrase-structure grammars (i.e., equally adequate), but are even more informative: they express both the "is a" relation which phrase-structure grammars express and the "governs" relation which phrase-structure grammars obscure. It…

Projected here is an underlying structure for successive restrictive relative clauses. Observed are the principles of pronominalization determined by "command," such structure being notably different from that for successive nonrestrictive clauses. Evidence has been seen that certain variations in surface structure arise from selection…

The author notes that although Winter (1965) seems correct in finding fault with the original Chomsky-Smith analysis of adjective-noun combinations, the notion "pattern spread," which he proposes as a counter-explanation, is not properly a grammatical explanation. It is instead a speculation about the historical origin of some adjective-noun…

The present volume is directed toward the reader wanting to begin a study of linguistics but who is "overwhelmed by the amount of material available, much of it too technical for him to understand." The author has attempted to provide both theory and applications and has limited the scope to English transformational grammar. Exercises at the end…

This paper presents, within the framework of case grammar, an analysis of object pronominalization in Spanish. It begins with a discussion of the derivation of pronouns in general, and proceeds with observations on the structure of object pronouns in Spanish, and with rules for their derivation. Reasons are given for excluding many so-called…

Based on a lecture given in Charles Fillmore's syntax class at the 1970 Linguistic Society of America Summer Linguistic Institute at Ohio State University. (RS)

Second part of a continuing series on generative grammar. (DS)

The psycholinguistic experiments reported here lead the author to the conclusion that there is a definite interdependence between semantic values and syntactic functions in the construction of sentences and that a satisfactory interpretation of syntactic encoding demands a consideration of the personality structure of the individual speaker.…