The present study examined the immediate and delayed effects of unobtrusive exposure to personality trait terms (e.g., "reckless,""persistent") on subjects' subsequent judgments and recollection of information about another person. The implications of individual and situational variation in the accessibility of different categories for judgments…

Two experiments explored the question of when people will respond to negative labels by confirming them and when they will respond by disconfirming them. (Editor)