In this paper, the authors present results of their pilot research on nonverbal elements' perception. They pay attention to a not yet well established system of evaluation in mathematics textbooks from the perspective of nonverbal elements and sum up their findings from pilot researches on pupils' operations with nonverbal elements. Pilot surveys…

The purpose of this study was to learn from educational stakeholders what characteristics they like and dislike when viewing graphs of post-school outcomes data. We conducted six, 1-hour focus groups with teachers, administrators, and parents in which we distributed four stimuli graphs--horizontal grouped bars, horizontal stacked bars, vertical…

Tabular data is pervasive in the form of spreadsheets and relational databases. Although tables often describe multivariate data without explicit network semantics, it may be advantageous to explore the data modeled as a graph or network for analysis. Even when a given table design conveys some static network semantics, analysts may want to look…

The aim of this study is to evaluate the visual elements (picture, photograph, map, table, caricature, etc.) included in the 7th grade Social Studies coursebooks prepared by the Ministry of National Education and taught in 2014-2015 academic year by several variables in accordance with the opinions of Social Studies teachers, with a critical point…

The pervasive use of visual representations in textbooks, curricula, and assessments underscores their importance in K-12 science education. For example, visual representations figure prominently in the recent publication of the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS Lead States in Next generation science standards: for states, by states.…

Learning from visual representations is enhanced when learners appropriately integrate corresponding visual and verbal information. This study examined the effects of two methods of promoting integration, color coding and labeling, on learning about probabilistic reasoning from a table and text. Undergraduate students (N = 98) were randomly…

The Common Core State Standards place unprecedented emphasis on visual text--appropriately so, as visual components are increasingly ubiquitous in many kinds of text. This shift in emphasis requires substantial changes in our teaching. Concepts of print need to be expanded to include concepts of graphics, and specific graphical devices, such as…

This study examined relationships between reading comprehension, known predictors of reading comprehension (i.e., cognitive flexibility, fluency, reading motivation and attitude, vocabulary), and graphical device comprehension. One-hundred fifty-six third graders completed assessments of known predictor variables and an assessment tapping…

Advocates of modality preference posit that individuals have a dominant sense and that when new material is presented in this preferred modality, learning is enhanced. Despite the widespread belief in this position, there is little supporting evidence. In the present study, the authors implemented a Morse code-like recall task to examine whether…

Empathy is an essential building block for successful interpersonal relationships. Atypical empathic development is implicated in a range of developmental psychopathologies. However, assessment of empathy in children is constrained by a lack of suitable measurement instruments. This article outlines the development of the Kids' Empathic…

A previous study found that 5-year-old children of schizophrenic mothers were impaired on visual attention tasks as compared with controls. No difference was observed in 6-year-olds, however. This study reexamined the attentive behavior of some of these children 3 years later. (Editor)

This paper is an attempt toward the goal of developing an integrated quantitative theory of visual stimulus selection. (Author/RK)

The present study was designed to gather data relevant to the role of stimulus features as determinants of kind of emotion and the issue of differential information needs. (Author)

The present research is concerned with preference for visual (polygon) complexity versus simplicity in relation to national membership, using adult subjects from five nations (cultures) four groups of which were temporarily resident in the U.S.A. (Author)