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Individual Differences in Young Children's Visual-Spatial Abilities
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Kotsopoulos, Donna; Makosz, Samantha; Zambrzycka, Joanna; Dickson, Brandon A. – Early Child Development and Care, 2021
An enduring challenge in visual-spatial research has been to identify the factors contributing to individual differences in ability. This research investigated the overall, verbal, and nonverbal visual-spatial ability of 61 (34 boys) three- to five-year-olds (M[subscript age] = 57.3 months; SD = 7.9) and the following factors known to be related…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Spatial Ability, Visual Perception, Preschool Children
The Malleability of Working Memory and Visuospatial Skills: A Randomized Controlled Study in Older Adults
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Stepankova, Hana; Lukavsky, Jiri; Buschkuehl, Martin; Kopecek, Miloslav; Ripova, Daniela; Jaeggi, Susanne M. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
There is accumulating evidence that training on working memory (WM) generalizes to other nontrained domains, and there are reports of transfer effects extending as far as to measures of fluid intelligence. Although there have been several demonstrations of such transfer effects in young adults and children, they have been difficult to demonstrate…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Older Adults, Spatial Ability, Intervention
Unitary or Non-Unitary Nature of Working Memory? Evidence from Its Relation to General Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence
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Dang, Cai-Ping; Braeken, Johan; Ferrer, Emilio; Liu, Chang – Intelligence, 2012
This study explored the controversy surrounding working memory: whether it is a unitary system providing general purpose resources or a more differentiated system with domain-specific sub-components. A total of 348 participants completed a set of 6 working memory tasks that systematically varied in storage target contents and type of information…
Descriptors: Evidence, Intelligence, Structural Equation Models, Short Term Memory
Effect of Goal Setting on the Strategies Used to Solve a Block Design Task
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Rozencwajg, Paulette; Fenouillet, Fabien – Learning and Individual Differences, 2012
In this experiment we studied the effect of goal setting on the strategies used to perform a block design task called SAMUEL. SAMUEL can measure many indicators, which are then combined to determine the strategies used by participants when solving SAMUEL problems. Two experimental groups were created: one group was given an explicit, difficult…
Descriptors: Experimental Groups, Intelligence, Instructional Design, Goal Orientation
Some Factors Underlying Mathematical Performance: The Role of Visuospatial Working Memory and Non-Verbal Intelligence
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Kyttala, Minna; Lehto, Juhani E. – European Journal of Psychology of Education, 2008
Passive and active visuospatial working memory (VSWM) were investigated in relation to maths performance. The mental rotation task was employed as a measure of active VSWM whereas passive VSWM was investigated using a modified Corsi Blocks task and a matrix pattern task. The Raven Progressive Matrices Test measured fluid intelligence. A total of…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Mental Computation, Memory, Word Problems (Mathematics)
Sex Differences in Symbol-Digit Substitution Task Performance
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Royer, Fred L. – Intelligence, 1978
Three forms of a symbol-digit substitution task were administered to 62 female and 96 male college students. Results support the theory that the superior performance of women over men on the Digit-Symbol Substituion subtest of the Wechsler scales is due to their greater ability to encode symbols verbally. (Author/JAC)
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Higher Education, Intelligence, Learning Processes