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Jessica E. Bartley; Michael C. Riedel; Taylor Salo; Emily R. Boeving; Katherine L. Bottenhorn; Elsa I. Bravo; Rosalie Odean; Alina Nazareth; Robert W. Laird; Matthew T. Sutherland; Shannon M. Pruden; Eric Brewe; Angela R. Laird – npj Science of Learning, 2019
Understanding how students learn is crucial for helping them succeed. We examined brain function in 107 undergraduate students during a task known to be challenging for many students--physics problem solving--to characterize the underlying neural mechanisms and determine how these support comprehension and proficiency. Further, we applied module…
Descriptors: Brain, Cognitive Processes, Science Process Skills, Abstract Reasoning
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Jorge A. Pinto,; Vogel, Edgar H.; Núñez, Daniel E. – Psicologica: International Journal of Methodology and Experimental Psychology, 2017
The learned predictiveness effect or LPE is the finding that when people learn that certain cues are reliable predictors of an outcome in an initial stage of training (phase 1), they exhibit a learning bias in favor of these cues in a subsequent training involving new outcomes (phase 2) despite all cues being equally reliable in phase 2. In…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Predictor Variables, Cues
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Zhang, Dongbo; Yang, Xuexue – Foreign Language Annals, 2016
Using a Chinese Word Associates Test (WAT-C), this study examined the vocabulary depth of second language learners of Chinese and its contribution to the learners' reading comprehension. Results showed no significant effects of word frequency, word class (i.e., adjectives vs. verbs), and type of association relationships (i.e., paradigmatic vs.…
Descriptors: Chinese, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Cognitive Processes