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Moretti, Luca; Koch, Iring; Steinhauser, Marco; Schuch, Stefanie – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Studies of switching between tasks and studies of error commission have both provided solid behavioral measures of executive control. Nonetheless, a gap remains between these strands of research. In three experiments we sought to reduce this gap by assessing the impact of task errors on N-2 repetition costs, an effect supposedly related to…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Error Patterns, Cognitive Ability, Attention Control
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Eichorn, Naomi; Marton, Klara; Schwartz, Richard G.; Melara, Robert D.; Pirutinsky, Steven – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2016
Purpose: The present study examined whether engaging working memory in a secondary task benefits speech fluency. Effects of dual-task conditions on speech fluency, rate, and errors were examined with respect to predictions derived from three related theoretical accounts of disfluencies. Method: Nineteen adults who stutter and twenty adults who do…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Speech Skills, Stuttering, Evidence
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Kelley, Matthew R.; Neath, Ian; Surprenant, Aimée M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Serial position functions with marked primacy and recency effects are ubiquitous in episodic memory tasks. The demonstrations reported here explored whether bow-shaped serial position functions would be observed when people ordered exemplars from various categories along a specified dimension. The categories and dimensions were: actors and age;…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Serial Ordering, Memory, Semantics
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Weinzierl, Christiane; Kerkhoff, Georg; van Eimeren, Lucia; Keller, Ingo; Stenneken, Prisca – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Unilateral spatial neglect frequently involves a lateralised reading disorder, neglect dyslexia (ND). Reading of single words in ND is characterised by left-sided omissions and substitutions of letters. However, it is unclear whether the distribution of error types and positions within a word shows a unique pattern of ND when directly compared to…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Stimuli, Word Processing, Patients
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Riek, Stephan; Hinder, Mark R.; Carson, Richard G. – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Human motor behaviour is continually modified on the basis of errors between desired and actual movement outcomes. It is emerging that the role played by the primary motor cortex (M1) in this process is contingent upon a variety of factors, including the nature of the task being performed, and the stage of learning. Here we used repetitive TMS to…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Stimulation, Faculty Development, Psychomotor Skills
Brino, Ana Leda F., Barros, Romariz S., Galvao, Ol; Garotti, M.; Da Cruz, Ilara R. N.; Santos, Jose R.; Dube, William V.; McIlvane, William J. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2011
This paper reports use of sample stimulus control shaping procedures to teach arbitrary matching-to-sample to 2 capuchin monkeys ("Cebus apella"). The procedures started with identity matching-to-sample. During shaping, stimulus features of the sample were altered gradually, rendering samples and comparisons increasingly physically dissimilar. The…
Descriptors: Followup Studies, Computation, Teaching Methods, Sample Size
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Yamaguchi, Motonori; Proctor, Robert W. – Psychological Review, 2012
The present study proposes and examines the multidimensional vector (MDV) model framework as a modeling schema for choice response times. MDV extends the Thurstonian model, as well as signal detection theory, to classification tasks by taking into account the influence of response properties on stimulus discrimination. It is capable of accounting…
Descriptors: Educational Technology, Mathematical Models, Scaling, Experiments
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Groom, Madeleine J.; Liddle, Elizabeth B.; Scerif, Gaia; Liddle, Peter F.; Batty, Martin J.; Liotti, Mario; Hollis, Chris P. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterised by developmentally inappropriate levels of hyperactivity, impulsivity and/or inattention and are particularly impaired when performing tasks that require a high level of cognitive control. Methylphenidate (MPH) and motivational incentives may help improve…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Children, Drug Therapy, Intervention
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Leighton, Jane; Bird, Geoffrey; Heyes, Cecilia – Cognition, 2010
Several theories suggest that actions are coded for imitation in terms of mentalistic goals, or inferences about the actor's intentions, and that these goals solve the "correspondence problem" by allowing sensory input to be translated into matching motor output. We tested this intention reading hypothesis against general process accounts of…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Imitation, Error Patterns, Intention
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Clearfield, Melissa W.; Dineva, Evelina; Smith, Linda B.; Diedrich, Frederick J.; Thelen, Esther – Developmental Science, 2009
Skilled behavior requires a balance between previously successful behaviors and new behaviors appropriate to the present context. We describe a dynamic field model for understanding this balance in infant perseverative reaching. The model predictions are tested with regard to the interaction of two aspects of the typical perseverative reaching…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Infants, Memory, Error Patterns
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Livingston, Kenneth R.; Andrews, Janet K. – Developmental Science, 2005
After learning to categorize a set of alien-like stimuli in the context of a story, a group of 5-year-old children and adults judged pairs of stimuli from different categories to be less similar than did groups not learning the category distinction. In a same-different task, the learning group made more errors on pairs of non-identical stimuli…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Young Children, Adults, Concept Formation
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Chokron, Sylvie; Colliot, Pascale; Atzeni, Thierry; Bartolomeo, Paolo; Ohlmann, Theophile – Brain and Cognition, 2004
Eighty blindfolded healthy female subjects participated in an active and a passive straight-ahead pointing task to study the estimation of the subjective sagittal middle in the presence or absence of an active haptic exploration. Subjects were to point straight-ahead with their left or right index finger starting from different right- or…
Descriptors: Females, Spatial Ability, Motion, Task Analysis
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Kyte, Zoe A.; Goodyer, Ian M.; Sahakian, Barbara J. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2005
Background: To investigate whether recent first episode major depression in adolescence is characterised by selected executive difficulties in attentional flexibility, behavioural inhibition and decision-making. Methods: Selected executive functions were compared in adolescents with recent (past year) first episode major depression (n = 30) and…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Adolescents, Depression (Psychology), Cognitive Ability