Research examined in this review shows that when women and men perform the same acts or produce similar products, evaluations often differ, frequently in ways which are not consistent. In general, evaluation favors men over women when a competent performance is being assessed, while women are favored over men when an incompetent outcome is being…

A total of 123 upper-level and graduate students in journalism completed a questionnaire on beliefs about newspaper work. Most of the students were in advanced writing and editing courses, while 32 were in magazine courses. Questions in the survey dealt with beliefs related to James Grunig's theory of information systems. Factor analysis suggested…

TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF OVERTRAINING ON REVERSAL AND NONREVERSAL SHIFTS OF CUES, 96 NORMAL (MEAN AGE = 117 MONTHS, MEAN IQ = 109.8) AND 96 RETARDED CHILDREN (MEAN AGE = 119 MONTHS, MEAN IQ = 70.1) WERE TESTED ON A SIMULTANEOUS 2-CHOICE DISCRIMINATION TASK. SUBJECTS WERE TRAINED ON TWO LEVELS (CRITERION AND OVERTRAINING). FOLLOWING TRAINING ON THE…

A STUDY WHICH USED A VARIETY OF BEHAVIORAL TASKS TO STUDY POTENTIAL CREATIVITY IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IS PRESENTED. THE BEHAVIORAL TASKS, ESPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MEASUREMENT OF YOUNG CHILDREN, ARE DESCRIBED ON THE DIMENSIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FREEDOM, WILLINGNESS TO TRY DIFFICULT TAKS, FREEDOM IN USE OF CONFORMING AND NONCONFORMING BEHAVIOR,…

Proceedings of a conference designed to bring together persons interested in the operation of Suicide Prevention Programs and Comprehensive Community Mental Health Centers are reported. Content addresses deal with the following: (1) total emergency programs; (2) emergency service as an alternate to hospitalization; (3) the utilization of…

Part A of this paper is a general introduction to the state of training technology and studies of motivation and attitudes in learning. Part B deals with research on training for leadership, command, and team function. It is suggested that, during the decade prior to 1964, curriculum studies derived from examination of jobs and systems made…

A two-group independent design was employed to study the relationship between parental age and modeling effectiveness. Subjects were 50 mother-father-child triads. The child's baseline data was recorded on a task that involved constructing a specified geometric shape on a pegboard. Then the child was asked to construct another shape modeling his…

A needs assessment methodology is described which can be used (1) to assess the competencies required for functioning in a particular position, (2) to provide data for planning inservice and preservice educational programs, (3) to assess job performance, and (4) to provide information for personnel planners. Quadrants are formed using four…

Children's expectations regarding the roles played in society by different groups of people have been shown to significantly affect their comprehension of sentences. This paper reports on a study designed to examine the way children's expectations affect the strategies they employ in two tasks tapping the organization of the semantic system. Sixty…

This study examined the effects of functional communication patterns on interpersonal attraction, using a ten-category system of interaction analysis. Eight undergraduates were randomly selected and assigned to four unacquainted male-female pairs. After completing a physical attraction measure of their partners in the pairs, members of two pairs…

The occupational analysis contains a brief job description, presenting for the occupation of medical assistant 113 detailed task statements which specify job duties (tools, equipment, materials, objects acted upon, performance knowledge, safety consideration/hazards, decisions, cues, and errors) and learning skills (science, mathematics/number…

This paper describes a methodological approach to the reading processes, involving the use of measures of speed of response or reaction time (RT) obtained from subjects while performing reading related tasks. Following a review of the literature on measures of RT, two experiments currently being done at the University of Minnesota are described…

The report describes the fourth and final study in a program of research into the relationships between the characteristics of human tasks and the abilities required for task performance. The goal was to generate principles for identification of ability requirements from knowledge of the characteristics of a task and of variations in the…

A mail survey of secondary vocational-technical directors in Texas was conducted to identify the tasks they performed and to determine the amount of time spent in the performance of these tasks. Data were gathered using a 56-item questionnaire given to all secondary vocational-technical directors in the state (169) with an 82 percent return rate.…

A mail survey of vocational-technical counselors and guidance personnel in Texas was conducted to identify the tasks performed and amount of time spent in the performance of these tasks. A questionnaire was distributed to 40 occupational orientation teachers (with 87 percent responding) and 160 counselors and guidance personnel (with 92 percent…