Explores motivation as a requisite to the educational goal of maximum development of all children's intellectual potential. Considers (1) causal attributions of success and failure and (2) attribution for task choice and involvement, in relation to, respectively, (1) inequality and (2) equality of optimum motivation in schools. (Author/GC)

Four types of kindergarten programs varying in time scheduling and planning for and reinforcement of task orientation were defined and their effects on four- and five-year-old pupils observed. The task orientation of the children varied with the degree of program planning to enhance it. (Editor/SJL)

Three strategies of attention were investigated in two dichotic monitoring experiments. Subjects were divided into three groups, 7, 11 and 20 years of age. (CM)

Over a two-year period, research was conducted primarily in two areas of cognitive strategies for on-the-job training (OJT). The first area was the development and testing of a computer-based training system to improve selectivity in text processing in order to improve performance during OJT. The second area was the exploration of text-type…

This study investigated the effects of distractors on children's task-relevant (central) and task-irrelevant (incidental) recall on a short term visual memory task involving pictures of familiar animals and household articles. The effect of mode of distractor (auditory or visual) and the effect of developmental level were also studied. Subjects…

This report provides descriptive data on allocated time in reading and mathematics for grades two and five as reported by a sample of California teachers participating in the Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study (BTES). The time covered in this report is the intertest period from December 1976 (B) and April 1977 (C). The study forms an addendum to…

This study examines the effects of different kinds of verbal instructions given by teachers on the performance of young children, investigating whether task performance is significantly affected by small changes in verbal content or in the sequence of components of an instruction. Kindergarten children (48 boys and 52 girls) were randomly assigned…

A job analysis survey was done on 39 entry-level professional classes (e.g. personnel officer, social worker, rehabilitation counselor, research analyst, accountant, computer programmer) to discover statistical factors on which the classes could be scored and to cluster the classes on the basis of these factor scores. A job analysis questionnaire…

To determine the feasibility of employing women as state traffic officers (STOs), the California Highway Patrol (CHP) conducted a two-year study. The CHP employed forty-one women and forty-two men as traffic officers and gave them the standard sixteen-week training given all new officers. After graduation, the officers were assigned to highway…

Skilled and unskilled writers were given detailed information about an urban planning project and then read a letter from an influential, interested, and potentially hostile writer requesting information about the project. Each writer was next asked to generate all the ideas needed to answer the letter, organize a framework for the letter from a…

THE WORK OF AN EARLIER COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROJECT (NO. 470) WAS EXTENDED THROUGH THIS INVESTIGATION BY COMPARING THE MOTIVATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS AND LEARNING PERFORMANCE OF A GROUP OF INSTITUTIONALIZED MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN WITH GROUPS OF SUPERIOR, NORMAL, AND MENTALLY RETARDED NONINSTITUTIONALIZED SUBJECTS. DATA ON THE…

THE SUCCESSFUL OR "MOST EFFECTIVE" TEACHER IN AN EARLIER STUDY WAS USED AS A ROLE MODEL FOR MEASURING ROLE PERCEPTIONS OF BEGINNING VOCATIONAL AGRICULTURE TEACHERS. DATA COLLECTED FROM 25 BEGINNING TEACHERS AND THEIR ADMINISTRATORS IDENTIFIED BEGINNING AND LATER ROLE PERCEPTIONS, DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BEGINNING AND EXPERIENCED TEACHERS,…

TO DETERMINE THE FACTORS RELATED TO FIRST-YEAR 4-H LEADERS' CONTINUING IN OR DROPPING OUT OF 4-H WORK AND TO ANALYZE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG CHARACTERISTICS OF A SAMPLE OF FIRST-YEAR 4-H LEADERS AND THE EVALUATION BY THEIR 4-H AGENTS OF JOBS PERFORMED AND NOT PERFORMED, IN 1961 QUESTIONNAIRES AND PERSONALITY TESTS WERE GIVEN TO 527 FIRST-YEAR 4-H…

The present study focuses on two major questions. First, how often are potentially reinforcing behaviors emitted by teachers in naturally occurring classrooms? Second, what is the relationship between the display of potentially reinforcing behaviors by the teacher and the task-orientation of randomly selected students in the classrooms. Students…

The relationship between the behavioral consistency procedure and two other procedures (application form analysis and rating scales) were investigated through a comparison of initial employment and hiring practices used by the U.S. Civil Service Commission. The position of Budget Analyst was initially assessed in terms of five achievement areas…